Question

melatonin is produced by the ______.
○ pituitary gland
○ thymus gland
○ pineal gland
○ heart
question 10 (2.5 points)
all of the following are risk factors for gestational diabetes, except ______.
○ obesity
○ smoking during pregnancy
○ a family history of diabetes
○ an age above 25 years

Explanation:

First Question (Melatonin production)

Melatonin is a hormone that regulates sleep - wake cycles. The pineal gland is known to be the gland that produces melatonin. The pituitary gland has other hormonal functions, the thymus gland is related to the immune system and T - cell development, and the heart is a muscular organ for pumping blood, not for producing melatonin.

Risk factors for gestational diabetes include obesity (as excess weight can affect insulin sensitivity), a family history of diabetes (genetic predisposition), and advanced maternal age (usually age above 25 - 29 is a risk factor, but smoking during pregnancy is not a recognized risk factor for gestational diabetes. Smoking during pregnancy is associated with other complications like low birth weight, preterm labor, etc., but not gestational diabetes.

Answer:

C. pineal gland

Second Question (Gestational Diabetes Risk Factors)