Question

model carbon-12 and carbon-14 by sketching each atom.

• remember that carbons atomic number is 6.
• label each atoms protons, neutrons, and electrons.
• show the charges of the particles.

carbon-12
carbon-14

Explanation:

Step1: Calculate neutrons for C-12

Neutrons = Mass number - Atomic number
$\text{Neutrons}_{C-12} = 12 - 6 = 6$

Step2: Calculate neutrons for C-14

Neutrons = Mass number - Atomic number
$\text{Neutrons}_{C-14} = 14 - 6 = 8$

Step3: Define particle charges

Protons: $+1$, Neutrons: $0$, Electrons: $-1$

Step4: Outline atom structures

Nucleus contains protons/neutrons; electrons orbit outside.

Answer:

Carbon-12 Sketch Details:

1. Draw a small central circle (nucleus)
2. Inside the nucleus: Label 6 protons ($+1$) and 6 neutrons ($0$)
3. Draw 2 electron shells around the nucleus:

• Inner shell: 2 electrons ($-1$)
• Outer shell: 4 electrons ($-1$)

Carbon-14 Sketch Details:

1. Draw a small central circle (nucleus)
2. Inside the nucleus: Label 6 protons ($+1$) and 8 neutrons ($0$)
3. Draw 2 electron shells around the nucleus:

• Inner shell: 2 electrons ($-1$)
• Outer shell: 4 electrons ($-1$)