Question

2 multiple choice 1 point which of the following best explains how transcription and translation work together to produce a specific protein, and identifies the macromolecule involved in this process? (dok 2) transcription converts dna into protein directly, while translation modifies the protein; the macromolecule involved is lipid. transcription creates an mrna sequence from dna, which translation then reads to assemble amino acids into a protein; the macromolecule involved is nucleic acid. transcription and translation both occur in the cytoplasm, producing proteins from carbohydrates; the macromolecule involved is protein. transcription copies dna into mrna, and translation uses trna to build a protein; the macromolecule involved is carbohydrate. 3 multiple choice 1 point how does the combination of crossing over and independent assortment during meiosis contribute to genetic variation in offspring? (dok 2) crossing over shuffles alleles within chromosomes, and independent assortment randomly distributes chromosomes, creating new allele combinations they produce exact copies of parental dna to maintain species traits they both ensure offspring receive identical chromosomes from each parent they prevent mutations by correcting dna errors during cell division

Explanation:

1. Transcription is the process of creating an mRNA sequence from DNA in the nucleus. Translation occurs in the cytoplasm, where the mRNA sequence is read to assemble amino - acids into a protein using tRNA. Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) are involved in this process. The first option is incorrect because transcription does not convert DNA into protein directly. The third option is wrong as transcription occurs in the nucleus, not the cytoplasm, and proteins are not produced from carbohydrates. The fourth option has the wrong macromolecule (carbohydrate instead of nucleic acid).
2. During meiosis, crossing - over shuffles alleles within chromosomes, and independent assortment randomly distributes chromosomes. This leads to new allele combinations and genetic variation in offspring. The second option is incorrect as meiosis does not produce exact copies of parental DNA. The third option is wrong because offspring do not receive identical chromosomes from each parent. The fourth option is incorrect as crossing - over and independent assortment do not correct DNA errors to prevent mutations.

Answer:

1. B. Transcription creates an mRNA sequence from DNA, which translation then reads to assemble amino acids into a protein; the macromolecule involved is nucleic acid.
2. A. Crossing over shuffles alleles within chromosomes, and independent assortment randomly distributes chromosomes, creating new allele combinations.