Question

multiple select question
select all that apply
which of the following can damage the fathers sperm?
□ doing strenuous physical labor
□ advanced paternal age
□ high lead exposure
□ diagnostic x - rays performed in the year prior to fertilization
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Explanation:

• Advanced paternal age is linked to increased sperm DNA damage and genetic mutations.
• High lead exposure is a toxic environmental factor that can damage sperm cells and reduce their quality.
• Diagnostic X-rays involve ionizing radiation, which can cause DNA damage in sperm if exposure occurs in the period before fertilization.
• Strenuous physical labor does not typically cause direct damage to sperm.

Answer:

• advanced paternal age
• high lead exposure
• diagnostic X-rays performed in the year prior to fertilization