Question

name earth systems and cycles, study guide class date 18. human sources of greenhouse emissions such as carbon dioxide enhance the greenhouse effect, which can cause the mean global temperature of earth to rise. a. true b. false 19. most of the mass of earths atmosphere is concentrated in a layer that starts at about 50 kilometers above earths surface. a. true b. false indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 20. which is not a true statement? a. a conglomerate rock is a clastic sedimentary rock. b. all forms of coal are organic sedimentary rock. c. rock salt is a chemical sedimentary rock. d. limestone is a bioclastic sedimentary rock. 21. which happens when moving from the surface of earth to the interior of earth? a. temperatures increase with depth. b. earths layers become less dense with depth. c. earths composition becomes less metallic with depth. d. the percentage of molten material steadily increases with depth. 22. which is true about concepts first proposed by james hutton? a. huttons work led to the principle of uniformitarianism, which states that geologic processes occurring in modern time also operated in a similar way in the geologic past. b. hutton developed a principle known as catastrophism, which states that occasional huge catastrophes have altered the course of earths history, which means that the “past is the key to the present” c. although huttons ideas about geologic history furthered the early study of geology, none of his ideas are now accepted by modern geologists. d. hutton formulated the principle of gradualism, which states that geologic change occurs so gradually that many aspects of earths history cannot be studied. 23. which goal might be on humans environmental “to - do” list? a. add toxic chemicals to ecosystems. b. increase the rate of human population growth so that more people are available to consume resources. c. introduce invasive species to new ecosystems to increase the number of species the ecosystems contain. d. decrease the rate at which carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases are entering the atmosphere. 24. which is not a true statement? a. granite is a plutonic igneous rock that contains mostly quartz and feldspar. b. rhyolite is a volcanic igneous rock that contains mostly quartz and feldspar. c. granite and rhyolite have different chemical compositions. d. granite and rhyolite are different in how and where they crystallized and cooled off. copyright cengage learning. powered by cognero.

Explanation:

1. Human - made greenhouse gas emissions enhance the greenhouse effect and can cause global warming.
2. Most of Earth's atmosphere mass is in the troposphere, which starts at the surface and goes up to about 10 - 15 km.
3. Rock salt is indeed a chemical sedimentary rock, so it is not the false statement.
4. As you go deeper into Earth, temperatures increase due to heat from radioactive decay and residual heat from Earth's formation.
5. Hutton's principle of uniformitarianism is a fundamental concept in geology.
6. Decreasing greenhouse gas emissions is an important environmental goal.
7. Granite and rhyolite have similar chemical compositions but different formation environments.

Answer:

1. a. True
2. b. False
3. c. Rock salt is a chemical sedimentary rock (This statement is true, so it is not the answer to the "NOT a true statement" question)
4. a. Temperatures increase with depth
5. a. Hutton's work led to the principle of uniformitarianism, which states that geologic processes occurring in modern time also operated in a similar way in the geologic past.
6. d. Decrease the rate at which carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases are entering the atmosphere.
7. c. Granite and rhyolite have different chemical compositions (This statement is false as they have similar chemical compositions, just different cooling - crystallization environments)