Question

part 2: animal versus plant cells
animal and plant cells have many similar organelles; however, some key differences allow these cells to perform their specialized functions more efficiently. in the table below, mark an x under the column for each organelle found in a plant and/or animal cell. if the organelle is found in both types of cells, place an x in both columns. then provide a brief statement about the function of that organelle.

organelle	plant cell (1 pt)	animal cell (1 pt)	function (2 pts)
cell wall
centrosome
chloroplast
cytoplasm
cytoskeleton
endoplasmic reticulum (er)
golgi apparatus
lysosome
mitochondrion
nucleus
ribosome
vacuole
vesicle

Explanation:

• Cell wall: Present in plant cells only. Provides structural support and protection. Mark X in plant cell column only.
• Centrosome: Present in animal cells, helps in cell - division. Mark X in animal cell column only.
• Chloroplast: Present in plant cells, site of photosynthesis. Mark X in plant cell column only.
• Cytoplasm: Present in both, a jelly - like substance that contains organelles and is the site of many cellular processes. Mark X in both columns.
• Cytoskeleton: Present in both, provides cell shape, support and aids in movement. Mark X in both columns.
• Endoplasmic reticulum (ER): Present in both, involved in protein and lipid synthesis. Mark X in both columns.
• Golgi apparatus: Present in both, modifies, sorts and packages proteins and lipids. Mark X in both columns.
• Lysosome: Present in animal cells, contains digestive enzymes to break down waste. Mark X in animal cell column only.
• Mitochondrion: Present in both, the powerhouse of the cell, produces ATP. Mark X in both columns.
• Nucleus: Present in both, controls cell activities and contains genetic material. Mark X in both columns.
• Ribosome: Present in both, site of protein synthesis. Mark X in both columns.
• Vacuole: Large in plant cells, small or absent in animal cells. In plant cells, stores water, nutrients and waste. Mark X in plant cell column (large vacuole) and can mark in animal cell column for small vacuoles.
• Vesicle: Present in both, transports substances within the cell. Mark X in both columns.

Answer:

Organelle	Plant Cell	Animal Cell	Function
cell wall	X		provides structural support and protection
centrosome		X	helps in cell - division
chloroplast	X		site of photosynthesis
cytoplasm	X	X	a jelly - like substance that contains organelles and is the site of many cellular processes
cytoskeleton	X	X	provides cell shape, support and aids in movement
endoplasmic reticulum (ER)	X	X	involved in protein and lipid synthesis
Golgi apparatus	X	X	modifies, sorts and packages proteins and lipids
lysosome		X	contains digestive enzymes to break down waste
mitochondrion	X	X	the powerhouse of the cell, produces ATP
nucleus	X	X	controls cell activities and contains genetic material
ribosome	X	X	site of protein synthesis
vacuole	X	X (small)	in plant cells, stores water, nutrients and waste
vesicle	X	X	transports substances within the cell