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Question
part c answer each question. 16. what organisms did gregor mendel experiment with? what did his experiments show? 17. how do sex cells differ from other cells in the human body? 18. give one example of selective breeding. 19. draw a punnett square for qq and qq. explain what the punnett square represents. 20. name and describe two diseases caused by recessive genes.
Brief Explanations
- Gregor Mendel experimented with pea plants. His experiments showed the basic principles of heredity, including the concepts of dominant and recessive traits, and how traits are passed from parents to offspring in a predictable manner.
- Sex cells (gametes) differ from other cells in the human body in that they are haploid (contain half the number of chromosomes, 23 in humans) while somatic cells are diploid (contain 46 chromosomes). They are also specialized for sexual reproduction.
- An example of selective breeding is breeding dogs for specific traits. For instance, breeding Labrador Retrievers to be good at retrieving game, with traits like a soft - mouth grip and a love for water.
- A Punnett square for Qq and QQ:
| Q | Q | |
|---|---|---|
| q |
The Punnett square represents the possible genotypes of offspring resulting from a cross between two parents with the given genotypes. It shows the probability of different combinations of alleles in the offspring.
- One example of a disease caused by a recessive gene is cystic fibrosis. It affects the lungs and digestive system, causing thick mucus to build up. Another is sickle - cell anemia, which affects the shape of red blood cells, making them sickle - shaped instead of round, leading to problems with oxygen transport and blood flow.
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- Gregor Mendel experimented with pea plants. His experiments showed the basic principles of heredity.
- Sex cells are haploid and specialized for sexual reproduction, while other cells are diploid.
- Breeding dogs like Labrador Retrievers for specific traits.
- See the Punnett square above. It represents the possible genotypes of offspring from a cross.
- Cystic fibrosis: affects lungs and digestive system with thick mucus build - up. Sickle - cell anemia: affects red blood cell shape and oxygen transport.