Question

part a
which of the following describes the operation of the heart and blood vessels?
○ systemic anatomy
○ systemic physiology
○ cardiovascular anatomy
○ cardiovascular physiology

1. part a

which of the following is the best explanation for why cells are considered the smallest units of living things.
○ cells are highly ordered and complex.
○ cells cannot be seen with the naked eye and are considered microscopic.
○ cells are the simplest structure to fit all of the characteristics necessary to be considered alive.
○ cells have the ability to reproduce identical copies of themselves in a process called mitosis.

1. part a

one of the functional characteristics of life is excitability or responsiveness. this refers to ________.
○ the necessity for all organisms to reproduce
○ the nervous system causing all living things to sometimes experience anger
○ indigestible food residues stimulating the excretory system
○ sensing changes in the environment and then reacting or responding to them

1. part a

which of the following are survival needs of the body?
○ nutrients, water, atmospheric pressure, and oxygen
○ water, atmospheric pressure, growth, and movement
○ nutrients, water, movement, and reproduction
○ nutrients, water, growth, and reproduction

1. part a

a good example of a positive feedback mechanism would be ________.
○ regulating glucose levels in the blood
○ body temperature regulation
○ blood calcium level regulation
○ enhancement of labor contractions

Explanation:

1. Physiology is the study of the function of body parts. Cardiovascular physiology focuses on the function of the heart and blood - vessels. Systemic anatomy is about the structure of the body systems, systemic physiology is a broader term for the function of body systems in general, and cardiovascular anatomy is about the structure of the heart and blood - vessels.
2. Cells are the simplest structures that possess all the characteristics of life such as metabolism, growth, response to stimuli, and reproduction. Their complexity and microscopic nature are not the main reasons for being the smallest units of life. Mitosis is just one of their functions.
3. Excitability or responsiveness in living organisms is the ability to sense changes in the environment and react to them. It has nothing to do with anger, excretion, or reproduction.
4. The survival needs of the body include nutrients for energy and building blocks, water for various biochemical reactions, atmospheric pressure for proper gas exchange, and oxygen for cellular respiration. Growth and movement are functions of the body, not survival needs. Reproduction is a function for the continuation of the species, not a survival need for an individual.
5. Positive - feedback mechanisms enhance a physiological process. In labor, contractions are enhanced by positive - feedback to expel the baby. Blood glucose, body temperature, and blood calcium level regulations are examples of negative - feedback mechanisms that maintain homeostasis.

Answer:

1. D. cardiovascular physiology
2. C. Cells are the simplest structure to fit all of the characteristics necessary to be considered alive.
3. D. sensing changes in the environment and then reacting or responding to them
4. A. nutrients, water, atmospheric pressure, and oxygen
5. D. enhancement of labor contractions