Question

patterns in musculature in cattle:
directions: fill in the table to identify the missing phenotype. an example is provided for you.

father’s phenotype	mother’s phenotype	offspring’s phenotype
1. extra - big muscles		extra - big muscles
2. typical muscles	typical muscles
3.	extra - big muscles	medium muscles
4. medium muscles		typical muscles
5. medium muscles	extra - big muscles

Explanation:

Step1: Identify inheritance type

From the example, this is incomplete dominance: Extra-Big (let = $BB$), Typical ($bb$), Medium ($Bb$).

Step2: Solve row1: Father $BB$, offspring $BB$

Mother must contribute $B$, so phenotype: Extra-Big Muscles

Step3: Solve row2: Both parents $bb$

Offspring gets $b$ from both, phenotype: Typical Muscles

Step4: Solve row3: Mother $BB$, offspring $Bb$

Father must contribute $b$, phenotype: Typical Muscles

Step5: Solve row4: Father $Bb$, offspring $bb$

Mother must contribute $b$, phenotype: Typical Muscles

Step6: Solve row5: Father $Bb$, Mother $BB$

Offspring can be $BB$ or $Bb$, phenotypes: Extra-Big Muscles or Medium Muscles

Answer:

Father's Phenotype	Mother's Phenotype	Offspring's Phenotype
1. Extra-Big Muscles	Extra-Big Muscles	Extra-Big Muscles
2. Typical Muscles	Typical Muscles	Typical Muscles
3. Typical Muscles	Extra-Big Muscles	Medium Muscles
4. Medium Muscles	Typical Muscles	Typical Muscles
5. Medium Muscles	Extra-Big Muscles	Extra-Big Muscles or Medium Muscles