Question

your progress
demonstrate understanding

1. summarize how light energy is converted to stored chemical energy during photosynthesis.
2. identify two other molecules that can be assembled in living things by recombining the chemical elements in glucose with other elements in the cell.
3. explain why water is essential for the light reactions.
4. summarize the steps in the calvin cycle.
5. diagram and explain electron transport.

explain your thinking

1. ccc matter and energy predict how environmental factors such as light intensity and carbon dioxide levels can affect rates of photosynthesis.
2. writing connection research the effects of global warming on photosynthesis. write an article summarizing your findings.

Explanation:

1. Light - dependent reactions in chloroplasts use pigments to capture light energy, which is then used to produce ATP and NADPH. These energy - carrying molecules are used in the Calvin cycle to convert carbon dioxide into glucose, storing chemical energy.
2. Lipids and proteins can be assembled by combining the chemical elements in glucose (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen) with nitrogen, phosphorus etc. in the cell.
3. Water is essential for light reactions as it donates electrons to the electron - transport chain and releases oxygen as a by - product.
4. The Calvin cycle steps: carbon fixation (CO₂ combines with RuBP), reduction (ATP and NADPH are used to convert 3 - PGA to G3P), and regeneration (some G3P is used to regenerate RuBP).
5. In electron transport, electrons are passed through a series of carriers in the thylakoid membrane, generating a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis.
6. Higher light intensity can increase the rate of light - dependent reactions and thus photosynthesis up to a point. Higher CO₂ levels can increase the rate of the Calvin cycle and overall photosynthesis, but other factors can also be limiting.
7. Global warming can affect photosynthesis through changes in temperature, CO₂ levels, water availability, and frequency of extreme weather events. Warmer temperatures can increase the rate of photosynthesis initially but can also cause stress at higher levels. Increased CO₂ can enhance photosynthesis in some cases, but changes in water availability and extreme events can be detrimental.

Answer:

1. Light - dependent reactions capture light energy to produce ATP and NADPH, which are used in the Calvin cycle to store energy in glucose.
2. Lipids, Proteins
3. Water donates electrons and releases oxygen in light reactions.
4. Carbon fixation, reduction, regeneration.
5. Electrons are passed through carriers in the thylakoid membrane to generate a proton gradient for ATP synthesis.
6. Higher light intensity and CO₂ levels can increase photosynthesis rates up to a point, but other factors can be limiting.
7. Global warming affects photosynthesis through temperature, CO₂, water availability, and extreme events, with both positive and negative impacts.