Question

question 18 (6 points)
glycolysis can be thought of as a two - phase process: the energy investment phase and the energy payoff phase. match each item with the correct statement below. each item may be used only once.
results from the phosphorylation of glucose
least energy in energy investment phase
least energy in energy payoff phase
most energy in energy payoff phase
most energy in energy investment phase
results from rearrangement of phosphate group

1. glucose
2. glucose - 6 - phosphate
3. glyceraldehyde - 3 - phosphate
4. pyruvate
5. 2 - phosphoglycerate
6. 1,3 - bisphosphoglycerate

question 19 (3 points)
how does glycolysis contribute to both aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
question 20 (4 points)
what would happen if atp synthase was inhibited but the electron transport chain remained functional.

Explanation:

Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway in biology. In the energy - investment phase of glycolysis, glucose is phosphorylated to glucose - 6 - phosphate. Glucose has the least energy in the energy investment phase as it is the starting molecule. In the energy payoff phase, pyruvate has the least energy as it is the end - product of glycolysis. 1,3 - bisphosphoglycerate has the most energy in the energy payoff phase as it is a high - energy intermediate. Fructose - 1,6 - bisphosphate has relatively high energy in the energy investment phase. 2 - phosphoglycerate results from the rearrangement of the phosphate group.

Answer:

1. glucose - 6 - phosphate: results from the phosphorylation of glucose
2. glucose: least energy in energy investment phase
3. pyruvate: least energy in energy payoff phase
4. 1,3 - bisphosphoglycerate: most energy in energy payoff phase
5. fructose - 1,6 - bisphosphate (not in options but conceptually correct for most energy in investment phase, if we assume closest option not given): most energy in energy investment phase
6. 2 - phosphoglycerate: results from rearrangement of phosphate group