Question

1. question b: compare this to the parrots natural squawks. how can you use scientific questions to determine which behavior is common to the whole species?

Explanation:

1. First, frame targeted scientific questions about both the observed behavior (e.g., human speech mimicry) and the parrot's natural squawks, focusing on species-wide occurrence.
2. Design questions to sample a large, diverse group of the parrot species (wild and captive, different ages/regions) to check if the behavior appears consistently.
3. Create questions to distinguish learned individual behaviors from innate species-wide ones, such as "Do hand-raised parrots without exposure to conspecifics produce the squawks?" and "Do parrots from all geographic subpopulations of the species use these squawks?"
4. Use these questions to guide data collection (field observations, controlled studies) and analyze if the behavior is universal across the species rather than isolated to specific individuals or groups.

Answer:

You can use scientific questions in the following way:

1. Develop questions focused on species-wide distribution: "Do all wild populations of this parrot species produce the natural squawks, and do they show the same non-squawk behavior (e.g., speech mimicry)?"
2. Design questions to test innateness vs. learned behavior: "Do juvenile parrots of this species, raised without exposure to other parrots, develop the natural squawks on their own?" and "Is the alternative behavior only present in parrots with specific human/captive exposure?"
3. Use questions to guide broad sampling: "How common is each behavior across different age classes, genders, and habitats of the parrot species?"

By answering these structured scientific questions through widespread observation and controlled studies, you can determine which behavior is consistently present across the entire species, rather than being an individual or context-specific trait.