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question #2 scientists have developed cold - resistant plants by introd…

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question #2
scientists have developed cold - resistant plants by introducing the gene from cold - water fish that keeps them from freezing. these genetically modified plants are able to tolerate cold temperatures.
which statement is the most logical argument in favor of the development of such genetically modified plants?
a it reduces causes of past infection in the plants.
b it increases the nutritional value of the plant products.
c it allows the plants to be grown in a wider variety of environments.
d it ensures that the plants can be grown without fertilizers.

question #3
in tomato plants, the trait for red fruit (r) is dominant over the trait for yellow fruit (r). the table shows five possible crosses.
combination of crosses for tomatoes

numbercross
2rr × rr
3rr × rr
4rr × rr
5rr × rr

which crosses represent possible parents of a tomato plant that has the yellow fruit phenotype?
a 2 and 5
b 3 and 4
c 1, 2, and 3
d 3, 4, and 5

Explanation:

Response
Question #2
Brief Explanations
  • Option A: The gene introduced is for cold resistance, not related to infection reduction. Eliminate A.
  • Option B: Cold - resistance gene doesn't affect nutritional value. Eliminate B.
  • Option C: If plants are cold - resistant, they can be grown in colder areas or areas with temperature fluctuations, expanding the range of environments. This is logical.
  • Option D: Cold - resistance has no relation to fertilizer use. Eliminate D.
Brief Explanations

A yellow - fruit tomato plant has the genotype \(rr\) (since \(r\) is recessive). For a plant to have the \(rr\) genotype, both parents must contribute an \(r\) allele.

  • Cross 1 (\(RR\times RR\)): All offspring will be \(RR\), no \(rr\) possible.
  • Cross 2 (\(Rr\times Rr\)): The Punnett square gives genotypes \(RR:Rr:rr = 1:2:1\), so \(rr\) (yellow fruit) is possible.
  • Cross 3 (\(RR\times Rr\)): Offspring genotypes are \(RR\) or \(Rr\), no \(rr\) possible.
  • Cross 4 (\(RR\times rr\)): Offspring genotypes are all \(Rr\), no \(rr\) possible.
  • Cross 5 (\(Rr\times rr\)): The Punnett square gives genotypes \(Rr:rr=1:1\), so \(rr\) (yellow fruit) is possible.

So crosses 2 and 5 can produce a yellow - fruit (\(rr\)) plant.

Answer:

C. It allows the plants to be grown in a wider variety of environments.

Question #3