Question

questions - answer/color the following questions. 1. on the phospholipid below label the head and tail. 2. color the phospholipid bilayer below using: hydrophilic region = red hydrophobic region = orange. 3. what does the word semi - permeable mean when describing a cell membrane? 4. list 2 substances that can easily cross the cell membrane without the use of cellular energy. 5. on the glycoprotein to the right, color the following: carbohydrate = green protein = blue. 6. what do cells use glycoproteins for? 7. integral proteins such as protein pumps and protein channels go all the way through the cell membrane. how does their structure (shape) allow them to complete their function (job)? 8. what function does the cytoskeleton perform? 9. why are cell membranes called fluid mosaics?

Explanation:

1. The head of a phospholipid is hydrophilic (water - loving) and the tail is hydrophobic (water - fearing). Color the head red and the tail orange.
2. Semi - permeable means that the cell membrane allows certain substances to pass through while restricting others. It controls the movement of materials in and out of the cell.
3. Small non - polar molecules like oxygen and carbon dioxide can easily cross the cell membrane without using cellular energy as they can dissolve in the lipid bilayer.
4. Glycoproteins are used for cell - cell recognition. They help cells identify each other, which is important for processes like the immune response and tissue formation.
5. Integral proteins such as protein pumps and channels have a specific shape that allows them to perform their functions. Protein channels provide a passageway for specific substances to move through the cell membrane, and protein pumps use energy to move substances against their concentration gradient.
6. The cytoskeleton helps maintain the shape of the cell and also aids in cell movement and the movement of organelles within the cell. It interacts with the cell membrane to perform these functions.
7. Cell membranes are called fluid mosaics because the phospholipid bilayer is fluid (the phospholipids can move laterally) and the membrane contains a variety of molecules (proteins, glycoproteins, etc.) that are arranged in a mosaic pattern.

Answer:

1. Head: Red; Tail: Orange
2. It allows certain substances to pass through while restricting others, controlling the movement of materials in and out of the cell.
3. Oxygen, carbon dioxide
4. For cell - cell recognition
5. Their specific shape allows them to provide passageways (channels) or move substances against the concentration gradient (pumps)
6. Helps maintain cell shape, aids in cell movement and organelle movement within the cell
7. Because the phospholipid bilayer is fluid and the membrane contains a variety of molecules arranged in a mosaic pattern