Question

quiz: darwins theory: natural selection
which conditions are necessary for natural selection to occur? select all of the answers that apply.
a. inheritable adaptations vary among individuals.
b. the population size is increasing.
c. more individuals are born than can survive.
d. fitness varies among individuals.
e. the environment changes suddenly and drastically.

Explanation:

• A: Heritable variation in traits is essential for natural selection, as differences must be passed to offspring for traits to spread.
• B: Population size growth is not required; natural selection can act on stable or shrinking populations.
• C: Overproduction of offspring creates competition for resources, a core driver of selection.
• D: Variation in fitness (survival/reproductive success) means some individuals pass on traits more effectively.
• E: Sudden drastic environmental change is not necessary; natural selection acts on existing variation in any environment.

Answer:

A. Inheritable adaptations vary among individuals.
C. More individuals are born than can survive.
D. Fitness varies among individuals.