Question

respiration: key vocabulary
lets check your understanding - match each word to its definition:
key word
redox reaction
glycolysis
electrochemical gradient
oxidative phosphorylation
chemiosmosis
photophosphorylation
definition
the difference in both chemical (solute concentration) and electrical potential (charge), established by differences in ion concentrations across a membrane.
the movement of ions across a semipermeable membrane, down their electrochemical gradient, using a membrane - bound structure, e.g. atp synthase.
the first stage of respiration, during which energy from glucose is released as it is split into 2 pyruvate molecules.
the phosphorylation of adp to atp powered by the energy from sunlight in photosynthesis.
a metabolic pathway that uses coenzymes to drive the synthesis of atp from adp using chemiosmosis.
a reaction in which one chemical is oxidized (gains electrons) while another chemical is reduced (loses electrons).

Explanation:

Redox reaction: A reaction in which one chemical is oxidized (gains electrons) while another is reduced (loses electrons).
Glycolysis: The first stage of respiration, during which energy from glucose is released as it is split into 2 pyruvate molecules.
Electrochemical gradient: The difference in both chemical (solute concentration) and electrical potential (charge), established by differences in ion concentrations across a membrane.
Oxidative phosphorylation: A metabolic pathway that uses coenzymes to drive the synthesis of ATP from ADP using chemiosmosis.
Chemiosmosis: The movement of ions across a semi - permeable membrane, down their electrochemical gradient, using a membrane - bound structure, e.g. ATP synthase.
Photophosphorylation: The phosphorylation of ADP to ATP powered by the energy from sunlight in photosynthesis.

Answer:

Redox reaction: A reaction in which one chemical is oxidized (gains electrons) while another chemical is reduced (loses electrons).
Glycolysis: The first stage of respiration, during which energy from glucose is released as it is split into 2 pyruvate molecules.
Electrochemical gradient: The difference in both chemical (solute concentration) and electrical potential (charge), established by differences in ion concentrations across a membrane.
Oxidative phosphorylation: A metabolic pathway that uses coenzymes to drive the synthesis of ATP from ADP using chemiosmosis.
Chemiosmosis: The movement of ions across a semipermeable membrane, down their electrochemical gradient, using a membrane - bound structure, e.g. ATP synthase.
Photophosphorylation: The phosphorylation of ADP to ATP powered by the energy from sunlight in photosynthesis.