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the scheme and rhythm in a sonnet by \sonnet 18\ shall i compare thee t…

Question

the scheme and rhythm in a sonnet by
\sonnet 18\
shall i compare thee to a summers day?
thou art more lovely and more temperate.
rough winds do shake the darling buds of may,
and summers lease hath all too short a date:
sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,
and often is his gold complexion dimmd,
and every fair from fair sometime declines,
by chance, or natures changing course untrimmd:
but thy eternal summer shall not fade,
nor lose possession of that fair thou owst,
nor shall death brag thou wanderst in his shade,
when in eternal lines to time thou growst,
so long as men can breathe or eyes can see,
so long lives this, and this gives life to thee.
amber has been asked to identify the meter of \sonnet 18.\ she is highlighting the
syllables that should be stressed.
and often is his gold complexion dimmd
which syllables should amber highlight? choose three correct answers.
his gold
-ten d
is

Explanation:

Brief Explanations

"Sonnet 18" is written in iambic pentameter, where an iamb is a metrical foot with an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable. Let's analyze the line "And often is his gold complexion dimm'd":

  • "his": unstressed (wrong)
  • "gold": stressed (correct, as it's part of the iambic pattern; the syllable is emphasized in the meter)
  • "-ten" (from "often"): "of" in "often" is unstressed, "ten" is stressed? Wait, "often" is pronounced as /ˈɔːf(ə)n/ or /ˈɒf(ə)n/, so the stressed syllable is "of" or "ten"? Wait, no, let's break the line into feet. The line "And often is his gold complexion dimm'd" has the following metrical feet (iambic pentameter, 5 feet):
  1. And (unstressed) of - ten (stressed? Wait, "And" (unstressed) + "of" (unstressed)? No, maybe better to split into iambs:

Wait, the line is: And | often | is | his | gold | com - plex - ion | dimm'd? No, iambic pentameter has 10 syllables (5 iambs). Let's count the syllables:

And (1) of - ten (2) is (3) his (4) gold (5) com - (6) plex - (7) ion (8) dim - (9) m'd (10). Wait, no, maybe I miscounted. Let's do it properly:

And (1) of - ten (2) is (3) his (4) gold (5) com - (6) plex - (7) ion (8) dim - (9) m'd (10). Wait, that's 10 syllables. Now, iambic pentameter: each foot is unstressed + stressed.

So:

  1. And (unstressed) - no, wait, "And" is unstressed, then the next syllable in the foot? Wait, maybe the line is scanned as:
  • And (unstressed) of - ten (stressed) → iamb? No, "And" is unstressed, "of" is unstressed, "ten" is stressed? No, maybe the correct way is to look at the stressed syllables in the line. Let's list the syllables with stress:
  • And (unstressed)
  • of (unstressed)
  • ten (stressed)
  • is (unstressed)
  • his (unstressed)
  • gold (stressed)
  • com (unstressed)
  • plex (stressed)
  • ion (unstressed)
  • dim (stressed)
  • m'd (unstressed)? No, this is getting confusing. Alternatively, let's use the standard iambic pentameter for Shakespeare's sonnets. In iambic pentameter, the stressed syllables in the line "And often is his gold complexion dimm'd" would be:
  • ten (from "often": /ˈɒf(ə)n/ → stressed on "ten" if pronounced as /ˈɒftən/)
  • gold (stressed)
  • dim (from "dimm'd": /dɪmd/ → stressed on "dim")

Wait, the options are "his", "gold", "-ten" (from "often"), "d'", "is".

Let's re-express the line with syllables and stress:

And (1, unstressed) of (2, unstressed) ten (3, stressed) is (4, unstressed) his (5, unstressed) gold (6, stressed) com (7, unstressed) plex (8, stressed) ion (9, unstressed) dim (10, stressed) m'd (11? No, maybe I made a mistake. Wait, "complexion" is 4 syllables? No, "complexion" is /kəmˈplekʃn/ or /kəmˈplekʃən/, so 4 syllables: com - plex - ion (3 syllables? com (1), plex (2), ion (3)). So the line "And often is his gold complexion dimm'd" has:

And (1) + of - ten (2-3) + is (4) + his (5) + gold (6) + com - plex - ion (7-9) + dim - m'd (10-11)? No, this is too confusing. Let's use the fact that in iambic pentameter, the stressed syllables in the line are likely "ten" (from "often"), "gold", and "dim" (from "dimm'd"). But the options include "-ten", "gold", and "d'". Wait, "d'" is the start of "dimm'd", so "dim" is stressed. So the correct stressed syllables are "-ten" (from "often", as "of" is unstressed and "ten" is stressed), "gold", and "d'". Wait, but let's check the options:

Options: his (unstressed), gold (stressed), -ten (stressed), d' (stressed), is (unstressed).

So the three correct answers are "-ten", "gold", and "d'". Wait, but let's confirm with the sonnet's meter. In iambic pentameter, each foot is unstressed + stressed. So th…

Answer:

  • ten, gold, d'