Question

source: chinese scholar - official yan zhitui, from family instructions for the yen clan, 6th century. as soon as a baby can recognize facial expressions and understand approval and disapproval, training should be begun in doing what he is told and stopping when so ordered. for several years punishment with the bamboo rod should be avoided. parental strictness and dignity

instructions
use this document to answer questions 4 - 6
we trot with them and cry and catch at their long sleeves,
but the sound of our crying goes up to the clouds.
for every time a bystander asks the men a question.
the men can only answer us that they have to go...
some of them, at fifteen sent north to guard the river.
at the front where the blood of men spills like the sea -

3 multiple choice 1 point
which claim does yan zhitui make about the relationship between family life and political stability?
disorder in the family leads to disorder in the state.
womens participation in politics strengthens family unity.
equal treatment within families will promote democratic governance.
harsh punishment is the only way to ensure filial piety.

4 multiple choice 1 point
the hardships described by du fu most directly reflect which feature of tang dynasty policies?
decline of agricultural taxation
spread of buddhism into rural communities
growth of maritime trade networks
expansion of military conscription and frontier defense

Explanation:

For question 3, Yan Zhitui emphasized the connection between family - order and state - order. Disorder in the family was seen as leading to disorder in the state. For question 4, Du Fu's description of men being sent to guard the river at a young age reflects the expansion of military conscription and frontier defense in the Tang dynasty.

Answer:

1. Disorder in the family leads to disorder in the state.
2. Expansion of military conscription and frontier defense