Question

the trait that is being impacted by this factor is ______.
there ______ other factors impacting snail populations in cities.
a. shell color
b. the color of the sidewalks and streets
c. could be
d. number of eggs
e. snail size
f. the amount of rainfall
g. cannot be
h. the heat island effect

multiple choice

1. what cause - and - effect relationship would you expect in cepaea nemoralis populations in cities with strong heat island effects?

a. a decrease in the number of sunny days results in a population of snails w
b. an overall increase in reproduction results in a larger population size.
c. increases in temperature result in a population of snails with lighter - colore
d. a decrease in the food available to snails reduces the snail population.

multiple choice

1. a student noticed that some dark - shelled snails survive in cities with high he because these snails live in shaded areas that keep them cooler.

is this the only possible explanation?
a. yes, the only reason is that shade keeps them cooler.
b. no, it’s likely because they become darker after increased sun expo
c. no, there are many possible reasons they could survive, such as be
d. no, the only explanation is that the dark shells make it harder for p

multiple choice

1. based on figure 2, what is the most likely explanation for the observe populations in cities?

a. shell color is randomly distributed and unrelated to environme
b. lighter shells provide a survival advantage by staying cooler i
c. darker shells are more resistant to predators, making them m
d. shell color changes during a snail’s lifetime to adapt to city c

Explanation:

Question 3

The Heat Island Effect increases city temperatures. Lighter - colored snails may be more adapted to warmer conditions (e.g., less heat absorption). Option A: Sunny days increase, not decrease, in cities with Heat Island. Option B: Heat Island affects temperature, not directly reproduction size. Option D: Food availability isn't linked to Heat Island here. So the correct relationship is temperature increase leading to more lighter - colored snails.

In ecological systems, there are multiple factors for survival. Dark - shelled snails could survive due to predator avoidance (camouflage in shaded dark areas), genetic variation, or other micro - environmental factors, not just shade - related cooling. Option A is wrong (not only reason). Option B: Shell color is genetic, not from sun exposure. Option D: “Only” is incorrect. So there are many possible reasons.

In cities with Heat Island (warmer), lighter shells absorb less heat, giving a survival advantage (cooler body, better survival/reproduction). Option A: Shell color is not random; it's related to environment. Option C: Darker shells absorb more heat, not an advantage in warm cities. Option D: Shell color is genetic, not changing in a lifetime. So lighter shells have a survival advantage.

Answer:

C. Increases in temperature result in a population of snails with lighter - colored shells.

Question 4