Question

unit 2 review – cells: structures, energy, & cell division
what are the 3 principles of the cell theory?
1.
2.
3.
all cells have been divided into two broad categories: prokaryotes or eukaryotes.
● which are smaller?
● which is more complex?
● which make up your body?
● which make up a plant’s body?
● which group are bacteria in?
what is the major differences between the two types of cells?
describe the difference between diffusion & osmosis:
diffusion & osmosis are active / passive forms of transportation? (circle one)
what is the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane?
draw a picture of a phospholipid bilayer below and label which parts are hydrophilic and which parts are hydrophobic.

Explanation:

1. Cell Theory Principles: All living organisms are made of cells. Cells are the basic unit of life. All cells come from pre - existing cells.
2. Cell Types: Prokaryotes are smaller. Eukaryotes are more complex. Eukaryotes make up the human body and plant bodies. Bacteria are prokaryotes.
3. Cell Type Differences: Eukaryotes have a nucleus and membrane - bound organelles, while prokaryotes do not.
4. Diffusion vs Osmosis: Diffusion is the movement of any substance from an area of high concentration to low concentration. Osmosis is the movement of water across a semi - permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to low water concentration.
5. Transport Type: Diffusion and osmosis are passive forms of transportation as they do not require energy input.
6. Fluid Mosaic Model: It describes the cell membrane as a fluid structure with a "mosaic" of various proteins embedded in a phospholipid bilayer.
7. Phospholipid Bilayer: The head of the phospholipid is hydrophilic (water - loving) and the tail is hydrophobic (water - fearing).

Answer:

1. All living organisms are made of cells.

Cells are the basic unit of life.
All cells come from pre - existing cells.

1. Prokaryotes are smaller.

Eukaryotes are more complex.
Eukaryotes make up your body.
Eukaryotes make up a plant's body.
Bacteria are in the prokaryote group.

1. Eukaryotes have a nucleus and membrane - bound organelles; prokaryotes do not.
2. Diffusion is the movement of any substance from high to low concentration; osmosis is the movement of water across a semi - permeable membrane from high to low water concentration.
3. Passive
4. The cell membrane is a fluid structure with various proteins embedded in a phospholipid bilayer.
5. (Drawing not possible in text, but head is hydrophilic, tail is hydrophobic)