Question

which evolutionary mechanism occurs when a small subset of a population establishes a new population elsewhere, carrying a different gene pool? a. founder effect b. genetic drift c. natural selection d. gene flow non - random mating occurs when individuals choose mates based on: a. specific traits b. environmental conditions c. random preferences d. genetic diversity which example illustrates microevolution? a. the change in coloration of peppered moths during the industrial revolution b. the migration of birds to new habitats c. the development of new species from a common ancestor d. the extinction of dinosaurs

Explanation:

1. The founder effect is when a small group of a population starts a new population elsewhere with a different gene - pool. Genetic drift is a random change in allele frequencies. Natural selection is the process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and reproduce. Gene flow is the transfer of genetic material from one population to another.
2. Non - random mating occurs when individuals choose mates based on specific traits like color, size, or behavior. It is not based on environmental conditions, random preferences, or genetic diversity in the context of mate - choice.
3. Microevolution refers to small - scale changes in allele frequencies in a population over generations. The change in coloration of peppered moths during the Industrial Revolution is an example of microevolution due to natural selection. Bird migration is a behavioral change, the development of new species is macroevolution, and dinosaur extinction is an extinction event.

Answer:

1. a. Founder effect
2. a. Specific traits
3. a. The change in coloration of peppered moths during the Industrial Revolution