Question

which is a pair of dependent events?
spinning a spinner one time and then spinning it a second time
flipping a quarter and then flipping a nickel
removing a marble from a bag, not putting it back, and then removing a second marble
rolling a number cube and then choosing one letter from the alphabet

Explanation:

Dependent events are those where the outcome of one event affects the outcome of the next. Let's analyze each option:

• Spinning a spinner twice: The first spin doesn't affect the second as the spinner's state is unchanged, so independent.
• Flipping a quarter and then a nickel: The result of flipping the quarter has no impact on the nickel flip, independent.
• Removing a marble without replacement: When we remove a marble and don't put it back, the number and composition of marbles left change, so the second marble removal's outcome depends on the first.
• Rolling a number cube and choosing a letter: These are unrelated actions, independent.

Answer:

C. removing a marble from a bag, not putting it back, and then removing a second marble