Question

which statement best compares transcription and translation?

• trna pairs with complementary mrna in both transcription and translation.
• a peptide bond is created between amino acids in both transcription and translation.
• dna is transcribed into a complementary strand of mrna in translation but not transcription.
• a chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds is formed in translation but not transcription.

Explanation:

• Transcription is the process of making mRNA from DNA; no tRNA pairing with mRNA or peptide bond formation occurs here.
• Translation uses tRNA to match mRNA codons to amino acids, and peptide bonds form between amino acids to build a polypeptide chain.
• Analyzing each option:

1. tRNA pairs with mRNA only in translation, not transcription, so this is incorrect.
2. Peptide bonds form only in translation, not transcription, so this is incorrect.
3. DNA is transcribed to mRNA during transcription, not translation, so this is incorrect.
4. Amino acid chains (polypeptides) linked by peptide bonds are produced exclusively in translation, not transcription, making this correct.

Answer:

D. A chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds is formed in translation but not transcription.