Question

1. which characteristic typical of monocots is shown below? a. double cotyledon b. flower parts in multiples of three c. fruit parts in multiples of three d. vascular bundles arranged in a ring e. leaf veins are parallel 11 which is not a characteristic of mammals? a. they have mammary glands b. they have hair c. they have a four - chambered heart d. they are ectothermic e. they have a highly developed brain answer the questions below. 12. what does binomial nomenclature mean and what are its component parts? give an example. 13. distinguish between anatomy and physiology. which is used in helping to classify organisms? 14. the number of kingdoms recognized by taxonomists increased through the 20th century. what is the most recent kingdom to be recognized, and what domain is it in? 15. what is resilience? 16. distinguish a virus from a cell by referring to their covering, organelles, and relative size. 17. summarize the process of me thanogenesis. 18. which thought to have appeared first, sexual life cycles or multicellularity? which organisms in the fossil record appear to be the oldest examples of having both? 19. plants have stems, roots, and leaves. identify similar structures in brown algae. 20. compare the non - vascular bryophytes and the seedless vascular plants with respect to the gametophyte stage and the sporophyte stage. 21. identify a single - celled fungus that reproduces asexually by budding. 22 distinguish among asymmetry, bilateral symmetry, and radial symmetry. for each, give an example of an organism with this characteristic. 23. explain the relationships among temperature, global climate change, and the possible extinction of the tuatara. thinking and investigation 24. choose an animal that is of particular interest to you and research its classification. list its taxa for all eight ranks. 25. predict what would happen to an ecosystem if all the bacteria in it were destroyed by a virus. 26. there are currently three domains. if you were a taxonomist and you thought it was more appropriate to have two domains, how would you re - organize the current scheme of three domains and six kingdoms so that there were only two domains? 27. how would the discovery of sexual reproduction and the structures associated with it affect the classification of a species of imperfect fungi? 28. some of the characteristics of living organisms include that they are made of one or more cells, they exhibit structural organization, and they grow, develop, and reproduce. living organisms also require energy, respond to stimuli, and maintain homeostasis (keep internal conditions stable). as well, living organisms exhibit adaptations that have evolved over time. a. using this list, design an experiment in which you could test which characteristics a virus displays. b. how might the results help you answer the question of whether a virus is a living organism? 29. suppose you discovered a new species of protist. which characteristics would you examine to help classify it as plant - like, animal - like, or fungus - like? 30. each of the influenza illnesses shown in the table below were caused by a virus. flu epidemics of the twentieth century years spanish flu 1918 - 1919 asian flu 1957 - 1958 hong kong flu 1968 - 1969 global deaths 20 - 40 million 1 million 1 - 4 million a. which epidemic was the most deadly? propose some reasons why this flu was the deadliest. b. hypothesize why a flu epidemic eventually ends instead of eliminating all human life.

Explanation:

Step1: Analyze question 10

Monocots have parallel - veined leaves.

Step2: Analyze question 11

Mammals are endothermic, not ectothermic.

Step3: Analyze question 12

Binomial nomenclature is a two - part naming system. Genus + species. Example: Homo sapiens.

Step4: Analyze question 13

Anatomy is structure, physiology is function. Anatomy is used first to classify organisms.

Step5: Analyze question 14

The most recent kingdom is Archaea, in the domain Archaea.

Step6: Analyze question 15

Resilience is the ability of an ecosystem to recover after a disturbance.

Step7: Analyze question 16

Viruses have a protein coat or envelope, no organelles, and are smaller than cells.

Step8: Analyze question 17

Methanogenesis is the production of methane by archaea.

Step9: Analyze question 18

Prokaryotes likely appeared first.

Step10: Analyze question 19

Brown algae have structures similar to plant stems, roots, and leaves.

Step11: Analyze question 20

Non - vascular bryophytes have a dominant gametophyte stage, seedless vascular plants have a dominant sporophyte stage.

Step12: Analyze question 21

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a single - celled fungus that reproduces asexually by budding.

Step13: Analyze question 22

Asymmetry: no symmetry, e.g., sponge; Bilateral symmetry: one plane of symmetry, e.g., human; Radial symmetry: multiple planes of symmetry, e.g., jellyfish.

Step14: Analyze question 23

Increasing temperature is part of global climate change. It can lead to species extinction.

Step15: Analyze question 24

Choose an animal (e.g., dog). Taxa: Domain Eukarya, Kingdom Animalia, Phylum Chordata, Class Mammalia, Order Carnivora, Family Canidae, Genus Canis, Species Canis lupus familiaris.

Step16: Analyze question 25

If all bacteria in an ecosystem were destroyed, decomposition would slow, nutrient cycling would be disrupted.

Step17: Analyze question 26

If there were two domains, re - organize by separating Archaea and Bacteria more clearly from Eukarya.

Step18: Analyze question 27

Discovery of sexual reproduction in imperfect fungi would change their classification as it is a key characteristic.

Step19: Analyze question 28

a. Design an experiment to test if a virus shows growth, response to stimuli, etc. b. Results can help determine if a virus meets the criteria of a living organism.

Step20: Analyze question 29

Examine cell structure, mode of nutrition, etc. to classify a new protist.

Step21: Analyze question 30

a. The Spanish Flu was the most deadly. Reasons: high transmissibility, lack of immunity, etc. b. Flu epidemics end due to herd immunity, virus mutation, etc.

Answer:

1. e. leaf veins are parallel
2. d. they are ectothermic
3. Binomial nomenclature is a two - part scientific naming system for organisms. The two parts are the genus and the species. Example: Panthera leo (lion).
4. Anatomy is the study of the structure of organisms, and physiology is the study of the function of organisms. Anatomy is used first to classify organisms.
5. The most recent kingdom is Archaea, and it is in the domain Archaea.
6. Resilience is the ability of an ecosystem to recover from disturbances.
7. Viruses have a protein coat or envelope (not a cell wall like cells), no organelles (unlike cells which have many organelles), and are generally smaller than cells.
8. Methanogenesis is the process by which some archaea produce methane gas.
9. Prokaryotes likely appeared first as they are simpler in structure.
10. Brown algae have structures like holdfasts (similar to roots), stipes (similar to stems), and blades (similar to leaves).
11. Non - vascular bryophytes have a dominant gametophyte stage, while seedless vascular plants have a dominant sporophyte stage.
12. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a single - celled fungus that reproduces asexually by budding.
13. Asymmetry: no plane of symmetry, e.g., a sponge; Bilateral symmetry: one plane of symmetry, e.g., a human; Radial symmetry: multiple planes of symmetry, e.g., a jellyfish.
14. Rising temperature is a part of global climate change. It can cause the extinction of species due to habitat loss, changes in food availability, etc.
15. For example, for a cat: Domain Eukarya, Kingdom Animalia, Phylum Chordata, Class Mammalia, Order Carnivora, Family Felidae, Genus Felis, Species Felis catus.
16. If all bacteria in an ecosystem were destroyed, decomposition would slow down, nutrient cycling would be disrupted, and primary producers may be affected.
17. Re - organize by separating Archaea and Bacteria more distinctly from Eukarya so that there are two main domains.
18. The discovery of sexual reproduction and associated structures in imperfect fungi would change their classification as sexual reproduction is an important characteristic for classification.
19. a. Design an experiment to test if a virus shows growth, response to stimuli, reproduction, etc. b. The results can help determine if a virus meets the criteria for being a living organism.
20. Examine characteristics such as cell structure, mode of nutrition, and locomotion to classify a new species of protist as plant - like, animal - like, or fungus - like.
21. a. The Spanish Flu was the most deadly. Reasons could include high transmissibility, lack of immunity in the population, and limited medical knowledge at the time. b. Flu epidemics end because of herd immunity development, virus mutation reducing its virulence, and public health measures.