Question

1. why does the chromatin condense during prophase?
2. the dna in the nucleus condenses to form chromosomes seen in the image to the right. what do you call the 2 halves of a chromosome?
3. what happens to the nuclear membrane after the chromosomes are formed?

metaphase

1. what happens to the chromosomes during metaphase?

anaphase

1. what happens to the sister chromatids during anaphase?

telophase

1. what two steps occur during telophase?

cytokinesis
cyto = cell kinesis = movement.
16 what happens to the cell during cytokinesis?

1. what is the final result of one full cell cycle?

Explanation:

1. Chromatin condenses to compact DNA into manageable structures, preventing tangling during cell division and enabling proper separation of genetic material.
2. The two identical halves of a replicated chromosome are defined as sister chromatids.
3. After chromosome formation, the nuclear membrane breaks down to allow spindle fibers access to the chromosomes.
4. In metaphase, chromosomes align at the cell's central plane (metaphase plate) to prepare for separation.
5. During anaphase, sister chromatids are pulled apart by spindle fibers and move to opposite poles of the cell.
6. Telophase involves two key steps: chromosomes decondense back into chromatin, and a new nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes at opposite poles.
7. During cytokinesis, the cytoplasm of the parent cell divides, splitting the cell into two distinct daughter cells.
8. One full cell cycle produces two genetically identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the original parent cell.

Answer:

1. To avoid DNA tangling and enable proper chromosome separation during cell division.
2. Sister chromatids
3. It breaks down (disassembles).
4. They align at the cell's metaphase plate (central equator).
5. They are pulled apart and move to opposite cell poles.
6. 1. Chromosomes decondense into chromatin; 2. New nuclear membranes form around each chromosome set.
7. The cell's cytoplasm divides to form two separate daughter cells.
8. Two genetically identical daughter cells (each with the same chromosome number as the parent cell).