Question

1. match the function with the appropriate organelle in the column at right.

(a) endoplasmic reticulum
(b) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
(c) rough endoplasmic reticulum
(d) golgi complex
(e) transport vesicles
(f) secretory granules
(g) endosome
(h) lysosome
(i) mitochondrion
(j) chloroplast
(k) nucleus
(l) plasma membrane

1. location of most of the cell’s dna
2. site of fuel oxidation
3. separates the inside of the cell from the outside
4. carries important biochemicals into the cell
5. membrane with ribosomes attached
6. site of photosynthesis
7. contains digestive enzymes
8. destined for fusion with the plasma membrane
9. abundant form of cytoplasmic membrane
10. site of protein sorting
11. facilitate communication between the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the golgi complex
12. processes exogenous chemicals

Explanation:

Each match is based on core cell biology functions:

1. The nucleus stores nearly all cellular DNA.
2. Mitochondria perform cellular respiration (fuel oxidation).
3. The plasma membrane is the cell's outer boundary.
4. Endosomes transport incoming biochemicals.
5. Rough ER is defined by attached ribosomes.
6. Chloroplasts carry out photosynthesis in plants/algae.
7. Lysosomes hold digestive enzymes for breakdown.
8. Secretory granules fuse with the plasma membrane to release contents.
9. The endoplasmic reticulum forms a large cytoplasmic membrane network.
10. The Golgi complex sorts and modifies proteins for transport.
11. Transport vesicles shuttle materials between rough ER and Golgi.
12. Smooth ER metabolizes (processes) exogenous chemicals like drugs.

Answer:

(a) Endoplasmic reticulum → 9. Abundant form of cytoplasmic membrane
(b) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum → 12. Processes exogenous chemicals
(c) Rough endoplasmic reticulum → 5. Membrane with ribosomes attached
(d) Golgi complex → 10. Site of protein sorting
(e) Transport vesicles → 11. Facilitate communication between the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi complex
(f) Secretory granules → 8. Destined for fusion with the plasma membrane
(g) Endosome → 4. Carries important biochemicals into the cell
(h) Lysosome → 7. Contains digestive enzymes
(i) Mitochondrion → 2. Site of fuel oxidation
(j) Chloroplast → 6. Site of photosynthesis
(k) Nucleus → 1. Location of most of the cell's DNA
(l) Plasma membrane → 3. Separates the inside of the cell from the outside