Question

1. match the function with the appropriate organelle in the column at right. \boldsymbol{\checkmark 3}

(a) endoplasmic reticulum

(b) smooth endoplasmic reticulum

(c) rough endoplasmic reticulum

(d) golgi complex

(e) transport vesicles

(f) secretory granules

(g) endosome

(h) lysosome

(i) mitochondrion

(j) chloroplast

(k) nucleus

(l) plasma membrane

1. location of most of the cell’s dna

1. site of fuel oxidation

1. separates the inside of the cell from the outside

1. carries important biochemicals into the cell

1. membrane with ribosomes attached

1. site of photosynthesis

1. contains digestive enzymes

1. destined for fusion with the plasma membrane

1. abundant form of cytoplasmic membrane

1. site of protein sorting

1. facilitate communication between the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the golgi complex

1. processes exogenous chemicals

Explanation:

Each organelle is matched to its core, defining function based on cell biology principles:

1. The nucleus stores most cellular DNA.
2. Mitochondria perform oxidative phosphorylation (fuel oxidation).
3. The plasma membrane forms the cell's outer boundary.
4. The plasma membrane transports biochemicals into the cell.
5. Rough ER has ribosomes attached to its membrane.
6. Chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis.
7. Lysosomes contain digestive hydrolytic enzymes.
8. Secretory granules fuse with the plasma membrane to release contents.
9. The endoplasmic reticulum is the most abundant cytoplasmic membrane.
10. The Golgi complex sorts and targets proteins.
11. Transport vesicles shuttle materials between rough ER and Golgi.
12. Smooth ER metabolizes exogenous (foreign) chemicals.

Answer:

(a) Endoplasmic reticulum - 9. Abundant form of cytoplasmic membrane
(b) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum - 12. Processes exogenous chemicals
(c) Rough endoplasmic reticulum - 5. Membrane with ribosomes attached
(d) Golgi complex - 10. Site of protein sorting
(e) Transport vesicles - 11. Facilitate communication between the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi complex
(f) Secretory granules - 8. Destined for fusion with the plasma membrane
(g) Endosome - 4. Carries important biochemicals into the cell
(h) Lysosome - 7. Contains digestive enzymes
(i) Mitochondrion - 2. Site of fuel oxidation
(j) Chloroplast - 6. Site of photosynthesis
(k) Nucleus - 1. Location of most of the cell's DNA
(l) Plasma membrane - 3. Separates the inside of the cell from the outside