Question

1. how did industrialization affect the environment? give one example.

website: https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zwd8mp3/revision/7

1. give one positive and one negative long-term effect of the industrial revolution.

website: https://www.history.com/topics/industrial-revolution/industrial-revolution

Explanation:

For Question 19:

Industrialization led to widespread pollution as factories released untreated waste and emissions. A key example is air pollution from coal-burning factories during the Industrial Revolution, which released large amounts of sulfur dioxide and particulate matter, degrading air quality and harming ecosystems and human health.

For Question 20:

A positive long-term effect is the establishment of modern infrastructure (like railways and factories) that enabled global trade and efficient production, laying the groundwork for modern economic systems. A negative long-term effect is the persistent environmental degradation, including soil and water contamination from industrial waste, which created long-term public health crises and ecosystem damage that persists in some regions today.

Answer:

1. Industrialization caused severe environmental pollution; for example, coal-powered factories in 19th-century Britain released massive amounts of toxic smoke and particulate matter, leading to smog events (like the Great Smog of London precursors) that polluted air, damaged plant life, and increased respiratory illnesses in humans.
2. Positive long-term effect: The development of advanced transportation and manufacturing infrastructure that enabled global economic integration and raised overall global living standards over time.

Negative long-term effect: Chronic environmental damage such as soil and water contamination from industrial waste, which has led to long-term public health issues and disrupted natural ecosystems that are still being addressed today.