Question

40 tom prepared a turkey at room temperature and heated the oven to 160 °c. he placed the turkey in the oven to cook. after the turkey was cooked for two hours, he inserted a thermometer into the turkey to check the temperature as shown. (a) state the temperature shown on the thermometer. 1 (b) state why the temperature of the turkey is not 160 °c even after two hours in the oven. 1

Explanation:

Part (a)

Step1: Analyze the thermometer scale

The thermometer scale has markings from 50 to 100 °C. The pointer is at 70 °C (looking at the scale, the needle is aligned with the 70 mark).

Heat transfer between the oven (160 °C) and the turkey occurs until thermal equilibrium, but the turkey's temperature rises towards the oven's temperature. However, factors like heat conduction efficiency, the turkey's mass/volume (needing time to heat throughout), and heat loss (e.g., to surroundings when checking) mean it doesn't reach 160 °C in 2 hours. A simpler reason: Heat transfer takes time, so the turkey (a cooler object) needs more time to reach the oven's temperature, or thermal equilibrium is not yet achieved as the turkey is still heating up (heat flows from oven to turkey, but the turkey’s temperature increases gradually towards 160 °C, not instantaneously).

Answer:

70 °C

Part (b)