Question

biology 1a final exam study guide -- chapters 1 yellow sunflower book

1. what are the goals of science?
2. what procedures are at the core of scientific methodology?
3. what scientific attitudes help generate new ideas?
4. why is peer review important?
5. what is a scientific theory?
6. what is the relationship between science and society?
7. what characteristics do all living things share?
8. what are the central themes in biology?
9. how do different fields of biology differ in their approach to studying life?
10. how is the metric system important to science?
11. explain the steps to writing a sucessful answer using the cer method
12. what is the difference between a dependent and independent variable?

a. how can you identify each?

Explanation:

1. The goals of science include understanding the natural world, making predictions, and controlling natural phenomena to improve human - life.
2. The core procedures of scientific methodology are making observations, forming a hypothesis, conducting experiments, analyzing data, and drawing conclusions.
3. Scientific attitudes like curiosity, skepticism, open - mindedness, and creativity help generate new ideas.
4. Peer review is important as it validates research, ensures quality, and helps in detecting errors or biases.
5. A scientific theory is a well - tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations and hypotheses.
6. Science and society have an interactive relationship. Science influences society through technological advancements, while society's values and needs can direct scientific research.
7. All living things share characteristics such as being made of cells, having a universal genetic code, growing and developing, responding to the environment, reproducing, and maintaining homeostasis.
8. Central themes in biology include evolution, the flow of energy, cooperation, structure and function, and homeostasis.
9. Different fields of biology, such as molecular biology, ecology, and anatomy, differ in their scale of study, methods, and the aspects of life they focus on.
10. The metric system is important to science as it provides a standardized, universal system of measurement for accurate and consistent data collection and communication.
11. The CER method involves stating a claim, providing evidence to support the claim, and reasoning that links the evidence to the claim.
12. An independent variable is the variable that is changed or manipulated in an experiment, while a dependent variable is the variable that is measured or observed and is affected by the independent variable. You can identify the independent variable as the one the experimenter controls and the dependent variable as the one that responds to the changes in the independent variable.

Answer:

1. To understand, predict, and control natural phenomena.
2. Observation, hypothesis - formation, experiment, data - analysis, conclusion - drawing.
3. Curiosity, skepticism, open - mindedness, creativity.
4. Validates research, ensures quality, detects errors/biases.
5. A well - tested explanation unifying broad observations and hypotheses.
6. Interactive; science influences society, society directs research.
7. Made of cells, genetic code, grow/develop, respond to environment, reproduce, maintain homeostasis.
8. Evolution, energy flow, cooperation, structure/function, homeostasis.
9. Scale, methods, aspects of life focused on.
10. Standardized, universal measurement for accuracy and communication.
11. Claim, evidence, reasoning linking evidence to claim.
12. Independent: changed/manipulated; Dependent: measured/observed and affected by independent. Identify independent as controlled by experimenter, dependent as responding to independent.