Question

chapter 04 test prep: consciousness
why is rem sleep often referred to as active sleep?
there are bursts of brain activity, reflected by sleep spindles.
the brain is actively working during rem sleep.
the pineal gland is activated to release the hormone melatonin.
brain waves during stage 1 sleep are active with small and irregular patterns of varying frequencies.
rebeya was studying for her midterm, and after a while, her thoughts were completely jumbled. however, after a good sleep, sh found she was better able to recall concepts and theories. which function of sleep helped rebeya in her study efforts?
protective

Explanation:

For the first question: Sleep spindles occur in Stage 2 non-REM sleep, melatonin release is linked to sleep onset (not REM), and Stage 1 brain waves describe non-REM sleep. REM sleep is called active sleep because the brain shows high activity levels, similar to wakefulness.
For the second question: The scenario describes improved memory recall after sleep, which aligns with sleep's role in consolidating and organizing memories, a key cognitive function of sleep. (Note: The full option list for the second question is incomplete, but the core function here is memory consolidation, which is tied to the restorative/cognitive memory function of sleep; if "Memory Consolidation" or a similar option were present, that would be correct. Based on the partial option shown, "Protective" is incorrect as it does not match the memory recall benefit.)

Answer:

1. The brain is actively working during REM sleep.
2. (Note: The second question's option list is incomplete. The correct function is memory consolidation, which supports improved recall of studied material after sleep; the listed "Protective" option is incorrect for this scenario.)