Question

chapter 3 guided notes
theory of spontaneous generation

1. the theory of spontaneous generation proposed that living organisms could arise from non - living matter.
2. this theory was widely accepted until it was challenged by controlled _______ experiments.
3. key observations showed that life comes from pre - existing _______.

modern cell theory

1. all living organisms are composed of one or more _______.
2. the cell is the basic unit of _____ and _____ in all living things.
3. all cells arise from pre - existing _______.

discovery of cells

1. the first scientist to use the term \cells\ was _____ _____.
2. he observed thin slices of _____ using a _____ microscope.

bacterial spores (endospores)

1. bacterial spores are formed by certain _______ bacteria.
2. the main purpose of spore formation is _______.
3. spores are resistant to _____, ___, and _____.
4. common spore - forming genera include _____ and _____.

endosymbiotic theory

1. the endosymbiotic theory explains the origin of _____ and _____.
2. this theory proposes that these organelles originated from free - living _______.
3. evidence includes their own _____ dna and _____ ribosomes.

pasteur and the swan - neck flask experiment

1. louis pasteur used swan - neck flasks to disprove spontaneous generation.
2. the design allowed air to enter but prevented dust/microbes from contaminating the broth.
3. microbial growth occurred only when the broth was exposed to microbes.

cytoskeleton: microfilaments

1. microfilaments are composed of the protein _______.
2. their main functions include maintaining cell _____ and enabling cell _____.

Explanation:

Fills in the missing terms based on core concepts in cell biology and microbiology, correcting the incorrect pre-filled answer for question 7.

Answer:

1. non-living
2. experiments
3. life
4. cells
5. structure; function
6. cells
7. Robert Hooke
8. cork; compound
9. Gram-positive
10. survival (in harsh conditions)
11. heat; desiccation; chemicals
12. Bacillus; Clostridium
13. mitochondria; chloroplasts
14. prokaryotes
15. circular; prokaryotic
16. swan
17. air; dust/microbes
18. microbes
19. actin
20. shape; movement