Question

1. complete the following table containing ionic and/or covalent compounds.

chemical formula	name of compound	ionic or covalent?
	zinc perphosphate
p₄o₁₀	phosphorus pentoxide
	dichlorine heptoxide
li₂o
	iron(iii) hypochlorite
	bromic acid

1. balance the following chemical equations and identify the type of reaction as synthesis, decomposition, single displacement or double displacement reaction.

a) caco₃ → cao + co₂
type of reaction:

Explanation:

Problem 4: Completing the Table (Chemical Compounds)

Let's tackle each row of the table:

1. Chemical Formula: $\boldsymbol{CaSO_4}$

• Name of Compound: Calcium Sulfate (Calcium is $Ca^{2+}$, Sulfate is $SO_4^{2-}$; charge balance: $2+ + 2- = 0$)
• Ionic or Covalent?: Ionic (formed from metal cation $Ca^{2+}$ and polyatomic anion $SO_4^{2-}$)

2. Chemical Formula: (Assuming "Zn" was a typo, likely $\boldsymbol{Zn_3(PO_3)_4}$ for Zinc Perphosphate)

• Name of Compound: Zinc Perphosphate (Zinc is $Zn^{2+}$, Perphosphate is $PO_3^{1-}$; to balance: $3 \times 2+ + 4 \times 3 \times 1- = 0$ → $Zn_3(PO_3)_4$)
• Ionic or Covalent?: Ionic (metal cation $Zn^{2+}$ and polyatomic anion $PO_3^{-}$)

3. Chemical Formula: $\boldsymbol{P_4O_{10}}$

• Name of Compound: Tetraphosphorus Decoxide (Covalent compound; prefixes: tetra- (4 P), deca- (10 O))
• Ionic or Covalent?: Covalent (formed from nonmetals P and O, sharing electrons)

4. Chemical Formula: (Assuming "dichlorine heptoxide" → $\boldsymbol{Cl_2O_7}$)

• Name of Compound: Dichlorine Heptoxide (Covalent; di- (2 Cl), hepta- (7 O))
• Ionic or Covalent?: Covalent (nonmetals Cl and O)

5. Chemical Formula: $\boldsymbol{Li_2O}$

• Name of Compound: Lithium Oxide (Lithium is $Li^+$, Oxide is $O^{2-}$; balance: $2 \times 1+ + 2- = 0$ → $Li_2O$)
• Ionic or Covalent?: Ionic (metal Li and nonmetal O)

6. Chemical Formula: (Iron(III) Hypochlorite → $\boldsymbol{Fe(ClO)_3}$)

• Name of Compound: Iron(III) Hypochlorite (Iron(III) is $Fe^{3+}$, Hypochlorite is $ClO^-$; balance: $3+ + 3 \times 1- = 0$ → $Fe(ClO)_3$)
• Ionic or Covalent?: Ionic (metal cation $Fe^{3+}$ and polyatomic anion $ClO^-$)

7. Chemical Formula: (Bromic Acid → $\boldsymbol{HBrO_3}$)

• Name of Compound: Bromic Acid (Acid with bromine; $H^+$ and $BrO_3^-$)
• Ionic or Covalent?: Ionic (dissociates into $H^+$ and $BrO_3^-$ in water)

Problem 5a: Balancing and Identifying Reaction Type

Reaction: $\boldsymbol{CaCO_3
ightarrow CaO + CO_2}$

Step 1: Check Atoms

• Ca: 1 on left, 1 on right.
• C: 1 on left, 1 on right.
• O: 3 on left ($CaCO_3$: 3 O), 3 on right ($CaO$: 1 O; $CO_2$: 2 O → 1+2=3 O).

The equation is already balanced: $CaCO_3
ightarrow CaO + CO_2$

Step 2: Identify Reaction Type

A decomposition reaction breaks a compound into simpler substances. Here, $CaCO_3$ (one compound) decomposes into $CaO$ and $CO_2$ (two simpler substances).

Final Answers (Table Completion for Key Rows):

Chemical Formula	Name of Compound	Ionic or Covalent?
$Zn_3(PO_3)_4$	Zinc Perphosphate	Ionic
$P_4O_{10}$	Tetraphosphorus Decoxide	Covalent
$Cl_2O_7$	Dichlorine Heptoxide	Covalent
$Li_2O$	Lithium Oxide	Ionic
$Fe(ClO)_3$	Iron(III) Hypochlorite	Ionic
$HBrO_3$	Bromic Acid	Ionic

Reaction 5a:

• Balanced Equation: $CaCO_3

ightarrow CaO + CO_2$

• Type of Reaction: Decomposition

Answer:

Problem 4: Completing the Table (Chemical Compounds)

Let's tackle each row of the table:

1. Chemical Formula: $\boldsymbol{CaSO_4}$

• Name of Compound: Calcium Sulfate (Calcium is $Ca^{2+}$, Sulfate is $SO_4^{2-}$; charge balance: $2+ + 2- = 0$)
• Ionic or Covalent?: Ionic (formed from metal cation $Ca^{2+}$ and polyatomic anion $SO_4^{2-}$)

2. Chemical Formula: (Assuming "Zn" was a typo, likely $\boldsymbol{Zn_3(PO_3)_4}$ for Zinc Perphosphate)

• Name of Compound: Zinc Perphosphate (Zinc is $Zn^{2+}$, Perphosphate is $PO_3^{1-}$; to balance: $3 \times 2+ + 4 \times 3 \times 1- = 0$ → $Zn_3(PO_3)_4$)
• Ionic or Covalent?: Ionic (metal cation $Zn^{2+}$ and polyatomic anion $PO_3^{-}$)

3. Chemical Formula: $\boldsymbol{P_4O_{10}}$

• Name of Compound: Tetraphosphorus Decoxide (Covalent compound; prefixes: tetra- (4 P), deca- (10 O))
• Ionic or Covalent?: Covalent (formed from nonmetals P and O, sharing electrons)

4. Chemical Formula: (Assuming "dichlorine heptoxide" → $\boldsymbol{Cl_2O_7}$)

• Name of Compound: Dichlorine Heptoxide (Covalent; di- (2 Cl), hepta- (7 O))
• Ionic or Covalent?: Covalent (nonmetals Cl and O)

5. Chemical Formula: $\boldsymbol{Li_2O}$

• Name of Compound: Lithium Oxide (Lithium is $Li^+$, Oxide is $O^{2-}$; balance: $2 \times 1+ + 2- = 0$ → $Li_2O$)
• Ionic or Covalent?: Ionic (metal Li and nonmetal O)

6. Chemical Formula: (Iron(III) Hypochlorite → $\boldsymbol{Fe(ClO)_3}$)

• Name of Compound: Iron(III) Hypochlorite (Iron(III) is $Fe^{3+}$, Hypochlorite is $ClO^-$; balance: $3+ + 3 \times 1- = 0$ → $Fe(ClO)_3$)
• Ionic or Covalent?: Ionic (metal cation $Fe^{3+}$ and polyatomic anion $ClO^-$)

7. Chemical Formula: (Bromic Acid → $\boldsymbol{HBrO_3}$)

• Name of Compound: Bromic Acid (Acid with bromine; $H^+$ and $BrO_3^-$)
• Ionic or Covalent?: Ionic (dissociates into $H^+$ and $BrO_3^-$ in water)

Problem 5a: Balancing and Identifying Reaction Type

Reaction: $\boldsymbol{CaCO_3
ightarrow CaO + CO_2}$

Step 1: Check Atoms

• Ca: 1 on left, 1 on right.
• C: 1 on left, 1 on right.
• O: 3 on left ($CaCO_3$: 3 O), 3 on right ($CaO$: 1 O; $CO_2$: 2 O → 1+2=3 O).

The equation is already balanced: $CaCO_3
ightarrow CaO + CO_2$

Step 2: Identify Reaction Type

A decomposition reaction breaks a compound into simpler substances. Here, $CaCO_3$ (one compound) decomposes into $CaO$ and $CO_2$ (two simpler substances).

Final Answers (Table Completion for Key Rows):

Chemical Formula	Name of Compound	Ionic or Covalent?
$Zn_3(PO_3)_4$	Zinc Perphosphate	Ionic
$P_4O_{10}$	Tetraphosphorus Decoxide	Covalent
$Cl_2O_7$	Dichlorine Heptoxide	Covalent
$Li_2O$	Lithium Oxide	Ionic
$Fe(ClO)_3$	Iron(III) Hypochlorite	Ionic
$HBrO_3$	Bromic Acid	Ionic

Reaction 5a:

• Balanced Equation: $CaCO_3

ightarrow CaO + CO_2$

• Type of Reaction: Decomposition