Question

el niño and la nina affect the biosphere. look through this gallery to see some examples of how living things are affected by these climate events. 5. what are two ways living things are affected by el niño and la niña? one way is

Explanation:

To answer this, we recall the impacts of El Niño and La Niña on living things. For example, in marine ecosystems, El Niño can cause coral bleaching (due to warmer ocean temps), and La Niña can affect fish populations (like changes in upwelling affecting food chains). On land, these events impact agriculture (e.g., droughts or floods affecting crops) and animal migration/behavior (due to altered climate patterns). We'll pick two clear impacts.

1. Marine Life Impact: During El Niño, warmer ocean temperatures (due to weakened trade winds) cause coral bleaching as corals expel symbiotic algae. La Niña, with stronger trade winds, can enhance upwelling, but abnormal patterns can still disrupt fish habitats (e.g., changes in nutrient availability affecting fish populations).
2. Agriculture and Terrestrial Life: El Niño often brings droughts to some regions (e.g., Australia) and heavy rains/floods to others (e.g., South America), damaging crops and affecting livestock. La Niña can cause opposite precipitation patterns, also impacting crop yields and plant growth, which in turn affects herbivores and the food web.

For the "One way is" box, we can use a specific example. Let's take the marine impact first: One way is coral bleaching in oceans during El Niño (due to warmer water), as corals lose their symbiotic algae and can die, affecting the entire reef ecosystem. Another way could be changes in fish populations (e.g., decline of anchovies in some regions) due to altered ocean currents and nutrient cycles during these events, which impacts fishing industries and predators that rely on these fish.

Answer:

One way is coral bleaching in ocean ecosystems during El Niño (due to warmer sea temperatures, causing corals to expel symbiotic algae and harming reef - dependent species). Another way is disruption of agricultural production (e.g., droughts in some areas during El Niño or excessive rainfall during La Niña can damage crops, affecting food availability for humans and herbivores).