Question

independent and dependent variables scenarios (manipulated) (responding)
scenario

1. a cow is given a growth hormone and then compared to another cow that was not given a growth hormone. both cows were weighed at 2 years.
2. mosquito repellent is sprayed on one arm and the other arm is not sprayed. the number of mosquito bites is counted after 2 hours.
3. one grape is placed in tap water and another grape is placed in salt water. the change in their mass is measured after a day.

Explanation:

1. In the cow - growth hormone scenario, the independent variable is the administration of the growth hormone (given or not given) as it is the factor being manipulated. The dependent variable is the weight of the cow at 2 years since it is the response being measured.
2. For the mosquito - repellent scenario, the independent variable is the application of mosquito repellent (sprayed or not sprayed on the arm). The dependent variable is the number of mosquito bites after 2 hours as it is the outcome that depends on the application of the repellent.
3. In the grape - water scenario, the independent variable is the type of water (tap water or salt water) in which the grape is placed. The dependent variable is the change in the mass of the grape after a day as it is the measured response.

Answer:

1. Independent: Administration of growth hormone. Dependent: Weight of the cow at 2 years.
2. Independent: Application of mosquito repellent. Dependent: Number of mosquito bites after 2 hours.
3. Independent: Type of water. Dependent: Change in mass of the grape after a day.