introduction: chemical equations show how compounds and elements react with one another. an element is a substance consisting of one kind of atom, such as aluminum (al) or oxygen (o₂). a compound is a substance made of more than one kind of atom, such as water (h₂o) or table salt (nacl).
question: how are chemical reactions classified?
1. match: most chemical reactions can be classified as one of four types. using the chemical equations in the chapter as a guide, match the following descriptions to the type of reaction
____ one reactant is broken down into two or more products. a. synthesis
____ a fuel combines with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide (co₂) and water (h₂o). b. decomposition
____ two or more reactants combine to form one product. c. single replacement
____ two compounds react to form two different compounds. d. double replacement
____ a compound reacts with an element to form a new compound and a different element. e. combustion
2. practice: balance each of the chemical equations below. (some equations may already be in balance.) in the space to the right, classify the reaction as a synthesis, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, or combustion.
a. ___ agno₃ + ___ kcl → ___ agcl + ___ kno₃

b. ___ h₂o + ___ so₃ → ___ h₂so₄

c. ___ ki + ___ cl₂ → ___ kcl + ___ i₂

d. ___ nahco₃ → ___ na₂co₃ + ___ h₂o + ___ co₂

e. ___ zn + ___ hcl → ___ zncl₂ + ___ h₂

f. ___ ba(oh)₂ + ___ na₂so₄ → ___ baso₄ + ___ naoh

g. ___ ch₄ + ___ o₂ → ___ co₂ + ___ h₂o

h. ___ al + ___ o₂ → ___ al₂o₃ + ___ o₂

Question

introduction: chemical equations show how compounds and elements react with one another. an element is a substance consisting of one kind of atom, such as aluminum (al) or oxygen (o₂). a compound is a substance made of more than one kind of atom, such as water (h₂o) or table salt (nacl).
question: how are chemical reactions classified?
1. match: most chemical reactions can be classified as one of four types. using the chemical equations in the chapter as a guide, match the following descriptions to the type of reaction
____ one reactant is broken down into two or more products.  a. synthesis
____ a fuel combines with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide (co₂) and water (h₂o).  b. decomposition
____ two or more reactants combine to form one product.  c. single replacement
____ two compounds react to form two different compounds.  d. double replacement
____ a compound reacts with an element to form a new compound and a different element.  e. combustion
2. practice: balance each of the chemical equations below. (some equations may already be in balance.) in the space to the right, classify the reaction as a synthesis, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, or combustion.
a. ___ agno₃ + ___ kcl → ___ agcl + ___ kno₃

b. ___ h₂o + ___ so₃ → ___ h₂so₄

c. ___ ki + ___ cl₂ → ___ kcl + ___ i₂

d. ___ nahco₃ → ___ na₂co₃ + ___ h₂o + ___ co₂

e. ___ zn + ___ hcl → ___ zncl₂ + ___ h₂

f. ___ ba(oh)₂ + ___ na₂so₄ → ___ baso₄ + ___ naoh

g. ___ ch₄ + ___ o₂ → ___ co₂ + ___ h₂o

h. ___ al + ___ o₂ → ___ al₂o₃ + ___ o₂

Accepted Answer

### Part 1: Matching
# Brief Explanations:
1. **Decomposition**: A reaction where one reactant breaks into two or more products. So "One reactant is broken down into two or more products" matches B. Decomposition.
2. **Combustion**: A fuel (like a hydrocarbon) combines with oxygen to produce $CO_2$ and $H_2O$. So "A fuel combines with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) and water ($H_2O$)" matches E. Combustion.
3. **Synthesis**: Two or more reactants combine to form one product. So "Two or more reactants combine to form one product" matches A. Synthesis.
4. **Double Replacement**: Two compounds react to form two different compounds (ions swap). So "Two compounds react to form two different compounds" matches D. Double Replacement.
5. **Single Replacement**: A compound reacts with an element to form a new compound and a different element (one element replaces another in a compound). So "A compound reacts with an element to form a new compound and a different element" matches C. Single Replacement.
# Answer:
1. B. Decomposition
2. E. Combustion
3. A. Synthesis
4. D. Double Replacement
5. C. Single Replacement

### Part 2: Balancing and Classifying
#### A. $AgNO_3 + KCl
ightarrow AgCl + KNO_3$
# Explanation:
## Step1: Check atoms. Ag: 1 on left, 1 on right. N: 1 on left, 1 on right. O: 3 on left, 3 on right. K: 1 on left, 1 on right. Cl: 1 on left, 1 on right. So already balanced. Coefficients: 1, 1, 1, 1.
## Step2: Reaction type: Double Replacement (ions $Ag^+$ & $K^+$ swap with $NO_3^-$ & $Cl^-$).
# Answer:
Balanced: $1AgNO_3 + 1KCl
ightarrow 1AgCl + 1KNO_3$; Classification: Double Replacement

#### B. $H_2O + SO_3
ightarrow H_2SO_4$
# Explanation:
## Step1: Check atoms. H: 2 on left, 2 on right. O: 1 + 3 = 4 on left, 4 on right. S: 1 on left, 1 on right. Balanced. Coefficients: 1, 1, 1.
## Step2: Reaction type: Synthesis (two reactants form one product).
# Answer:
Balanced: $1H_2O + 1SO_3
ightarrow 1H_2SO_4$; Classification: Synthesis

#### C. $KI + Cl_2
ightarrow KCl + I_2$
# Explanation:
## Step1: Balance I: 2 on right, so 2$KI$. Balance Cl: 2 on left, so 2$KCl$. Now: $2KI + Cl_2
ightarrow 2KCl + I_2$. Check: K: 2, I: 2, Cl: 2. Balanced.
## Step2: Reaction type: Single Replacement (Cl replaces I in KI).
# Answer:
Balanced: $2KI + 1Cl_2
ightarrow 2KCl + 1I_2$; Classification: Single Replacement

#### D. $NaHCO_3
ightarrow Na_2CO_3 + H_2O + CO_2$
# Explanation:
## Step1: Balance Na: 2 on right, so 2$NaHCO_3$. Now left: Na: 2, H: 2, C: 2, O: 6. Right: Na: 2, H: 2, C: 1 + 1 = 2, O: 3 + 1 + 2 = 6. Balanced. Coefficients: 2, 1, 1, 1.
## Step2: Reaction type: Decomposition (one reactant breaks into three products).
# Answer:
Balanced: $2NaHCO_3
ightarrow 1Na_2CO_3 + 1H_2O + 1CO_2$; Classification: Decomposition

#### E. $Zn + HCl
ightarrow ZnCl_2 + H_2$
# Explanation:
## Step1: Balance Cl: 2 on right, so 2$HCl$. Balance H: 2 on right, 2 on left (from 2$HCl$). Balance Zn: 1 on left, 1 on right. Coefficients: 1, 2, 1, 1.
## Step2: Reaction type: Single Replacement (Zn replaces H in HCl).
# Answer:
Balanced: $1Zn + 2HCl
ightarrow 1ZnCl_2 + 1H_2$; Classification: Single Replacement

#### F. $Ba(OH)_2 + Na_2SO_4
ightarrow BaSO_4 + NaOH$
# Explanation:
## Step1: Balance Na: 2 on left, so 2$NaOH$. Balance Ba: 1 on left, 1 on right. S: 1 on left, 1 on right. O: 2 + 4 = 6 on left, 4 + 2 = 6 on right. H: 2 on left, 2 on right. Coefficients: 1, 1, 1, 2.
## Step2: Reaction type: Double Replacement (ions $Ba^{2+}$ & $Na^+$ swap with $OH^-$ & $SO_4^{2-}$).
# Answer:
Balanced: $1Ba(OH)_2 + 1Na_2SO_4
ightarrow 1BaSO_4 + 2NaOH$; Classification: Double Replacement

#### G. $CH_4 + O_2
ightarrow CO_2 + H_2O$
# Explanation:
## Step1: Balance C: 1 on left, 1 on right. H: 4 on left, so 2$H_2O$. O: 2 on left, 2 + 2 = 4 on right, so 2$O_2$. Balanced: $1CH_4 + 2O_2
ightarrow 1CO_2 + 2H_2O$.
## Step2: Reaction type: Combustion (hydrocarbon $CH_4$ reacts with $O_2$ to form $CO_2$ and $H_2O$).
# Answer:
Balanced: $1CH_4 + 2O_2
ightarrow 1CO_2 + 2H_2O$; Classification: Combustion

#### H. $Al + O_2
ightarrow Al_2O_3$
# Explanation:
## Step1: Balance Al: 2 on right, so 2$Al$. Balance O: 3 on right, so $ \frac{3}{2}O_2$, multiply by 2: 4$Al$, 3$O_2$, 2$Al_2O_3$. Balanced: $4Al + 3O_2
ightarrow 2Al_2O_3$.
## Step2: Reaction type: Synthesis (two reactants form one product).
# Answer:
Balanced: $4Al + 3O_2
ightarrow 2Al_2O_3$; Classification: Synthesis

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QUESTION IMAGE

Question

Explanation:

Part 1: Matching

Step1: Check atoms. Ag: 1 on left, 1 on right. N: 1 on left, 1 on right. O: 3 on left, 3 on right. K: 1 on left, 1 on right. Cl: 1 on left, 1 on right. So already balanced. Coefficients: 1, 1, 1, 1.

Step2: Reaction type: Double Replacement (ions \(Ag^+\) & \(K^+\) swap with \(NO_3^-\) & \(Cl^-\)).

Step1: Check atoms. H: 2 on left, 2 on right. O: 1 + 3 = 4 on left, 4 on right. S: 1 on left, 1 on right. Balanced. Coefficients: 1, 1, 1.

Step2: Reaction type: Synthesis (two reactants form one product).

Answer:

Part 2: Balancing and Classifying

A. \(AgNO_3 + KCl