Question

name ____________ date __________ concept covered: thinking critically about cells 1. would you expect skin cells to have more or less mitochondria than muscle cells? explain your answer. __________ 2. what would happen to red blood cells placed in: a) a hypotonic solution? __________ b) a hypertonic solution? __________ c) an isotonic solution? __________ 3. what would happen to plant cells placed in a: a) a hypotonic solution? __________ b) a hypertonic solution? __________ 4. you are observing a cell under a microscope. how do you determine if the cell is prokaryotic or eukaryotic? __________ 5. many words in this chapter have “cyto” in them. what does “cyto” mean? list words containing “cyto.” __________ 6. what is the relationship between the cristae of the mitochondria and the thylakoids of the chloroplasts? ____________

Explanation:

1. Muscle cells require more energy for movement and contraction, and mitochondria are the power - houses of the cell that produce energy (ATP). So skin cells have less mitochondria than muscle cells.

2.

• a. In a hypotonic solution, water moves into red blood cells by osmosis, causing them to swell and potentially burst (hemolysis).
• b. In a hypertonic solution, water moves out of red blood cells, causing them to shrink (crenation).
• c. In an isotonic solution, there is no net movement of water, and the cells maintain their normal shape.

3.

• a. In a hypotonic solution, water moves into plant cells. The cell wall prevents bursting, and the cell becomes turgid.
• b. In a hypertonic solution, water moves out of plant cells, and the cell membrane pulls away from the cell wall (plasmolysis).

1. Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane - bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus or membrane - bound organelles. Check for the presence of a nucleus and other membrane - bound structures under the microscope.
2. "Cyto" means cell. Words include cytoplasm (the jelly - like substance inside the cell), cytology (the study of cells), and cytoskeleton (a network of protein filaments in the cell).
3. Both the cristae of mitochondria and the thylakoids of chloroplasts increase the surface area for important biochemical reactions. Cristae are involved in cellular respiration (ATP production), and thylakoids are involved in photosynthesis (light - dependent reactions).

Answer:

1. Skin cells have less mitochondria than muscle cells because muscle cells need more energy for movement and contraction.

2.

• a. The red blood cells would swell and potentially burst (hemolysis).
• b. The red blood cells would shrink (crenation).
• c. The red blood cells would maintain their normal shape.

3.

• a. The plant cells would become turgid.
• b. The plant cells would experience plasmolysis.

1. Look for the presence of a nucleus and membrane - bound organelles. If present, it is a eukaryotic cell; if absent, it is a prokaryotic cell.
2. "Cyto" means cell. Examples: cytoplasm, cytology, cytoskeleton.
3. Both increase surface area for biochemical reactions; cristae for cellular respiration and thylakoids for photosynthesis.