part 1: short answer based on the reading and the 1914 map: 1. the impact of borders: how did the way europeans drew borders lead to \internal conflicts and instability\ after african nations gained independence? 2. the 1914 map: according to the map legend and notes, which two african states remained independent in 1914? 1. 2. 3. human rights: what is one major difference between how a citizen is treated in a democracy versus an authoritarian system? analyzing visuals look at the photograph of the rwandan hutu refugees. what does this image tell you about the consequences of political unrest and civil war? part 2: economics and independence d. the
esource curse\ & land use refer to the land use map and the text on page 17: 1. defining wealth: list three types of natural resources mentioned in the text that play a \huge role\ in economic development:

Question

part 1: short answer based on the reading and the 1914 map: 1. the impact of borders: how did the way europeans drew borders lead to \internal conflicts and instability\ after african nations gained independence? 2. the 1914 map: according to the map legend and notes, which two african states remained independent in 1914? 1.  2.  3. human rights: what is one major difference between how a citizen is treated in a democracy versus an authoritarian system? analyzing visuals look at the photograph of the rwandan hutu refugees. what does this image tell you about the consequences of political unrest and civil war? part 2: economics and independence d. the
esource curse\ & land use refer to the land use map and the text on page 17: 1. defining wealth: list three types of natural resources mentioned in the text that play a \huge role\ in economic development:

Accepted Answer

### Part 1: Short Answer Based on the reading and the 1914 Map

#### 1. The Impact of Borders
# Brief Explanations:
Europeans drew African borders arbitrarily during colonization, ignoring ethnic, tribal, and cultural divisions. After independence, these borders forced diverse groups (with historical rivalries or different identities) into single nations. This led to power struggles, ethnic conflicts, and instability as groups fought for control or autonomy within the imposed boundaries.
# Answer:
Europeans drew borders arbitrarily (ignoring ethnic/cultural divisions). Post - independence, these borders forced diverse, often rival groups into nations, sparking power struggles, ethnic conflicts, and instability.

#### 2. The 1914 Map
# Brief Explanations:
In 1914, among African states, Ethiopia (Abyssinia) and Liberia remained independent. Ethiopia successfully resisted European colonization efforts, and Liberia was established by the American Colonization Society and maintained its independence.
# Answer:
1. Ethiopia (Abyssinia)
2. Liberia

#### 3. Human Rights
# Brief Explanations:
In a democracy, citizens typically have the right to participate in governance (e.g., vote, run for office), freedom of speech, and due process. In an authoritarian system, the government has more control; citizens often have limited political participation, restricted civil liberties, and the state may suppress dissent. For example, in a democracy, citizens can freely criticize the government, while in an authoritarian system, such criticism may be punished.
# Answer:
In a democracy, citizens have political rights (e.g., vote, free speech) and due process. In an authoritarian system, political participation is limited, civil liberties are restricted, and dissent is often suppressed.

#### Analyzing Visuals
# Brief Explanations:
The photograph of Rwandan Hutu refugees shows the human cost of political unrest and civil war. It indicates that such conflicts displace people, force them to flee their homes, cause suffering, and disrupt lives. Refugees often face poverty, lack of basic necessities, and loss of security.
# Answer:
The image shows that political unrest and civil war displace people (like Hutu refugees), causing suffering, loss of homes, and disruption of lives, with refugees facing poverty and insecurity.

### Part 2: Economics and Independence

#### D.1. Defining Wealth
# Brief Explanations:
Common natural resources important for economic development (from typical texts on African economies) include minerals (e.g., diamonds, gold), oil, and agricultural resources (e.g., cash crops like cocoa, coffee). These resources are often mentioned as playing a "huge role" in economic development.
# Answer:
Three types of natural resources: Minerals (e.g., diamonds), Oil, Agricultural resources (e.g., cocoa)

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QUESTION IMAGE

Question

Explanation:

Part 1: Short Answer Based on the reading and the 1914 Map

1. The Impact of Borders

Answer:

2. The 1914 Map