Question

part b: short answer

1. explain why the order of nitrogen bases in dna is important for an organism.

1. what is the relationship between dna, genes, and proteins?

Explanation:

For question 7: The sequence of nitrogen bases in DNA acts as a genetic code. This code specifies the order of amino acids in proteins, which carry out nearly all critical functions in an organism (like structural support, enzyme activity, cell signaling). A change in the base order can alter the protein's structure and function, leading to changes in traits or even disease.
For question 8: DNA is a long molecule that contains segments called genes. Each gene is a specific sequence of DNA bases that holds the instructions to make a particular protein. Through the processes of transcription (copying DNA to mRNA) and translation (using mRNA to assemble amino acids into a protein), genes from DNA are expressed as functional proteins that determine an organism's traits.

Answer:

1. The order of nitrogen bases in DNA forms a genetic code that dictates the sequence of amino acids in proteins. Proteins are responsible for most biological functions and traits in an organism, so the base sequence directly determines an organism's structure, function, and inherited characteristics.
2. DNA is the large genetic molecule that contains discrete segments called genes. Each gene is a specific DNA sequence that carries the instructions to produce a particular protein, via the processes of transcription and translation. In short: Genes are sections of DNA that code for proteins.