Question

please select the word from the list that best fits the definition
a punishment or the threat of punishment used to enforce conformity.
diffusion
reformulation
internalization
positive sanction
negative sanction
formal sanction
informal sanction

Explanation:

The definition is about a punishment or threat of punishment for conformity. "Negative sanction" refers to such punitive measures (vs positive which is reward). Other options like diffusion (spread), reformulation (restating), internalization (adopting norms), or formal/informal (about enforcement type) don't match the punitive threat aspect.

Answer:

negative sanction