Question

protein synthesis review worksheet unit 6a: dna
transcription & translation practice
read either the dna strand or the rna strand to determine the dna/mrna complementary sequence.
once you have determined the mrna strand, use the provided codon chart to determine the amino acid.
raise your hand if you need help!
(then there are several tables with dna, mrna, amino acid columns and corresponding bases to fill in, omitted here as they are part of the chart)

Explanation:

Step1: DNA to mRNA base pairing

DNA-mRNA rules: A→U, T→A, G→C, C→G.

Step2: mRNA codon to amino acid

Use standard genetic code:

• AUG = Methionine (Start)
• UAC = Tyrosine
• CUA = Leucine
• GUA = Valine
• CCC = Proline
• CGU = Arginine
• UUC = Phenylalanine
• UUA = Leucine
• GCC = Alanine
• UCA = Serine

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Table 1

Step1: Transcribe left DNA to mRNA

DNA: A T G → mRNA: U A C

Step2: Transcribe right DNA to mRNA

DNA: T A C → mRNA: A U G

Step3: Match codons to amino acids

mRNA UAC → Tyrosine; mRNA AUG → Methionine

Table 2

Step1: Transcribe left mRNA to DNA

mRNA: G U G → DNA: C A C

Step2: Transcribe right DNA to mRNA

DNA: A C T → mRNA: U G A

Step3: Match codons to amino acids

mRNA GUG → Valine; mRNA UGA = Stop (no amino acid)

Table 3

Step1: Transcribe left DNA to mRNA

DNA: T G C → mRNA: A C G

Step2: Transcribe right DNA to mRNA

DNA: C C C → mRNA: G G G

Step3: Match codons to amino acids

mRNA ACG → Threonine; mRNA GGG → Glycine

Table 4

Step1: Transcribe left mRNA to DNA

mRNA: G A C → DNA: C T G

Step2: Transcribe right mRNA to DNA

mRNA: U G A → DNA: A C T

Step3: Match codons to amino acids

mRNA GAC → Aspartic Acid; mRNA UGA = Stop (no amino acid)

Table 5

Step1: Transcribe left DNA to mRNA

DNA: A A G → mRNA: U U C

Step2: Transcribe right DNA to mRNA

DNA: G T G → mRNA: C A C

Step3: Match codons to amino acids

mRNA UUC → Phenylalanine; mRNA CAC → Histidine

Table 6

Step1: Transcribe left DNA to mRNA

DNA: G C C → mRNA: C G G

Step2: Transcribe right DNA to mRNA

DNA: A A T → mRNA: U U A

Step3: Match codons to amino acids

mRNA CGG → Arginine; mRNA UUA → Leucine

Answer:

DNA	A	T	G	T	A	C
Amino Acid	Tyrosine			Methionine (Start)

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DNA	C	A	C	A	C	T
Amino Acid	Valine			Stop (no amino acid)

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DNA	T	G	C	C	C	C
Amino Acid	Threonine			Glycine

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DNA	C	T	G	A	C	T
Amino Acid	Aspartic Acid			Stop (no amino acid)

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DNA	A	A	G	G	T	G
Amino Acid	Phenylalanine			Histidine

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DNA	G	C	C	A	A	T
Amino Acid	Arginine			Leucine