Question

1. a psychological approach is best defined as:

a. a laboratory technique
b. a perspective involving certain assumptions about behavior
c. a type of therapy
d. a diagnostic tool

1. structuralism focused on:

a. environmental influences on behavior
b. the adaptive function of behavior
c. breaking down mental experiences into basic elements
d. studying unconscious conflict

1. structuralists primarily used which method?

a. survey research
b. introspection
c. brain imaging
d. naturalistic observation

1. functionalism emphasized:

a. the unconscious mind
b. the structure of mental processes
c. the adaptive purpose of mind and behavior
d. stimulus - response learning only

1. psychoanalysis emphasizes the role of:

a. reinforcement schedules
b. the unconscious and early childhood experiences
c. observable behavior only
d. biological instincts exclusively

1. freud believed the unconscious mind could be accessed through:

a. reaction time studies
b. dream analysis
c. surveys
d. brain scans

Explanation:

1. A psychological approach is a framework with assumptions about behavior, not just a tool, therapy, or lab technique.
2. Structuralism's core goal was to decompose mental experiences into fundamental components.
3. Introspection (systematic self-observation) was the primary method of structuralists.
4. Functionalism focused on how mental processes and behaviors help organisms adapt to their environments.
5. Psychoanalysis, founded by Freud, centers on unconscious drives and early childhood experiences shaping behavior.
6. Freud proposed dream analysis as a key method to access the unconscious mind, as dreams reveal hidden thoughts.

Answer:

1. B. A perspective involving certain assumptions about behavior
2. C. Breaking down mental experiences into basic elements
3. B. Introspection
4. C. The adaptive purpose of mind and behavior
5. B. The unconscious and early childhood experiences
6. B. Dream analysis