Question

question 11
which of the following correctly describes harappan civilization?
it was a collection of over fifteen hundred towns and cities, ruled by landlords and rich merchants.
its culture never attained the status of a true civilization.
it showed no similarity to the civilizations of ancient egypt and mesopotamia.
it was much more agricultural than its contemporaries in egypt and mesopotamia.
it never developed an urban center of over 3,000 people.
question 12
the ultimate goal of hindus is to
attain an ultimate spiritual reunion with brahman and escape the pain of living.
be reborn again and again.
attain eternal life by exchanging ones karma for atman.
achieve enlightenment in the western paradise.

Explanation:

For Question 11: The Harappan civilization was a complex urban - based society with over 1500 towns and cities, likely ruled by a class of landlords and rich merchants. It was a true civilization with its own unique features but also had some similarities with other ancient civilizations. It was an urban civilization, not more agricultural than Egypt and Mesopotamia, and had large urban centers.
For Question 12: In Hinduism, the ultimate goal is moksha, which is the ultimate spiritual reunion with Brahman and escape from the cycle of suffering (samsara). Re - birth is part of the cycle that one aims to escape, and the concepts of exchanging karma for Atman and achieving enlightenment in the Western Paradise are not the ultimate goals of Hinduism.

Answer:

Question 11: It was a collection of over fifteen hundred towns and cities, ruled by landlords and rich merchants.
Question 12: attain an ultimate spiritual reunion with Brahman and escape the pain of living.