Question

questions 16 through 18 refer to the following
(1) numerous products available these days in supermarkets contain probiotics, microorganisms that are intended by manufacturers to supplement the natural bacteria that help our digestive system function properly. (2) probiotics are added to foods such as yogurts; they are also sold in capsule form. (3) the worldwide market for probiotics was estimated to be $32 billion in 2014, a testament to the widespread beliefs that the bacteria in our digestive system are vital to our wellbeing and that healthy bacteria that are already present in our digestive tracts benefit from supplementation. (4) consumers should exercise caution, however, even though probiotic supplements aid individuals with specific disorders, their benefit for people who do not have these disorders has not been scientifically proven.
(5) rigorous clinical trials have established that probiotics can help prevent gastrointestinal problems in individuals taking antibiotics for infectious diseases. (6) probiotics
the writer is considering changing the underlined portion of sentence 13 (reproduced below) to ensure that the sentence is free of ambiguity.
dismayed by the lack of rigor and by irresponsible labeling practices in the mass market probiotics industry, stronger regulation of probiotic supplements is called for by cohen.
which version of the underlined text best accomplishes this goal?
a (as it is now)
b probiotic supplements should be regulated more strongly, according to cohen
c what should be done according to cohen is that probiotics should be regulated more strongly
d cohen calls for stronger regulation of probiotic supplements

Explanation:

The original underlined text has ambiguous phrasing (it is unclear who is "dismayed" and what the "call for" refers to directly). Option D rephrases the text to clearly state the subject (Cohen) and the action (calls for stronger regulation), eliminating ambiguity while retaining the core information.

Answer:

D. Cohen calls for stronger regulation of probiotic supplements