Question

refer to the fungus and algae relationship in model 2.
d. is there a benefit for one of the organisms or for both?
e. is either the fungus or the algae harmed by this relationship?
f. which other relationship in model 2 is similar to that between the fungus and the algae?

1. refer to the shark and remora relationship in model 2.

a. in the shark and remora relationship, is there a benefit for one of the organisms or for both?
b. is either the shark or the remora harmed by this relationship?
c. which other relationship in model 2 is similar to that between the shark and the remora?

Explanation:

• d. In the fungus - algae relationship (lichen), it is a mutualistic relationship where both organisms benefit. Algae perform photosynthesis and provide food to the fungus, while the fungus provides a protected environment and nutrients to the algae.
• e. No, neither the fungus nor the algae is harmed in this mutualistic relationship.
• f. Without seeing Model 2, a similar mutualistic relationship could be the relationship between nitrogen - fixing bacteria and legume plants.
• 10a. In the shark - remora relationship, the remora benefits as it gets a free ride, protection, and access to leftover food from the shark's meals. The shark is generally not benefited.
• 10b. No, the shark is not harmed by the remora, and the remora is not harmed in this relationship. It is a commensal relationship.
• 10c. Without seeing Model 2, a similar commensal relationship could be the relationship between cattle egrets and grazing cattle. The egrets follow the cattle and catch insects disturbed by the cattle, while the cattle are neither benefited nor harmed.

Answer:

d. Both organisms benefit.
e. No.
f. (Answer depends on Model 2, example: nitrogen - fixing bacteria and legume plants)
10a. The remora benefits.
10b. No.
10c. (Answer depends on Model 2, example: cattle egrets and grazing cattle)