Question

a rock drawing in spain from about 7000 b.c. shows a man who has climbed a hillside, found a crevice holding a hive, and is reaching in to grab the honey. indeed, a lucky wanderer in just about any part of europe, africa, or asia that wasn’t covered with ice could stumble on a hive and—at the risk of some stings—come away with a treat. (people in the americas had no bees, so used syrups made from maple trees, agave cactus, or mashed fruits for their sweeteners.) then someone figured out that you didn’t have to be lucky. you could hollow out a log near bees, and they would make it their home. you could \keep\ bees—you didn’t have to find them.
—sugar changed the world, marc aronson and marina budhos
how is the text structured in this passage from the prologue?
∘ it has a chronological structure because it shows the evolution of different sweeteners over time.
∘ it has a cause-and-effect structure because it shows how a rock drawing led to the use of sweeteners.
∘ it has a compare-and-contrast structure because it describes similarities and differences between different sweeteners.
∘ it has a problem-and-solution structure because it shows how ancient people solved the dilemma of finding sweeteners.

Explanation:

• Analyze Option 1: The passage doesn't show evolution of sweeteners over time (no timeline of different sweeteners' development), so not chronological.
• Analyze Option 2: The rock drawing is just an example of early honey - getting, not a cause for sweetener use. The cause - effect claim is wrong.
• Analyze Option 3: The passage isn't focused on comparing and contrasting different sweeteners (it's about how to get sweeteners, not their similarities/differences).
• Analyze Option 4: The problem was finding sweeteners (relying on luck to find hives), and the solution was keeping bees (hollowing out a log for them, so no need to find hives). This matches problem - solution structure.

Answer:

D. It has a problem - and - solution structure because it shows how ancient people solved the dilemma of finding sweeteners.