Question

the science of ridges
name

1. ______________ is the study of the uniqueness of friction ridge structures and their use for personal identification.
2. as we have learned in our first lesson, a fingerprint is made of a series of __________ and _________ on the surface of the finger. the uniqueness of a fingerprint can be determined by the _______ of ridges and valleys as well as the _________ points, which are points where the ridge structure changes.
3. when minutiae on two different prints match, these are called points of _____________ or points of __________. at this point there is _ international standard for the number of points of identification required for a match between two fingerprints. however, the united kingdom requires a minimum _____ points while australia requires _________.
4. afis = _________ _________ _______ _________

Explanation:

Question 1

The study of friction ridge structures for personal identification is known as Dactyloscopy. This field focuses on the uniqueness of these ridge patterns to identify individuals.

Fingerprints consist of ridges (raised parts) and valleys (depressed parts). The pattern (arrangement) of ridges and valleys, along with minutiae (specific points where ridge structure changes like bifurcations or endings), determines uniqueness.

Matching minutiae between prints are points of identification or similarity. There's no universal international standard. UK needs 16, Australia 12 (or similar common values for fingerprint matching standards).

Answer:

Dactyloscopy

Question 2