Question

short answer: write the correct word for each question. some will be used more than once. interphase prophase metaphase anaphase telophase cytokinesis chromatid spindle fiber cell plate centromere mitosis 17. the organization of prophase. 18. what phase are daughter cells in as a result of mitosis? 19. during what phase of mitosis do centromeres divide and the chromosomes move toward their respective poles? 20. what is the phase where chromatin condenses to form chromosomes? 21. what is the name of the structure that connects the two chromatids? 22. in a chromosome pair connected by a centromere, what is each individual chromosome called?

Explanation:

1. Telophase is the reverse of prophase. During prophase, chromatin condenses, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and the spindle apparatus forms. In telophase, the opposite occurs: chromosomes de - condense, the nuclear envelope reforms, and the spindle apparatus disassembles.
2. Daughter cells are formed as a result of mitosis during cytokinesis. Cytokinesis is the physical division of the cytoplasm that follows mitosis, splitting one cell into two genetically identical daughter cells.
3. During anaphase of mitosis, centromeres divide and the chromosomes move toward their respective poles. The sister chromatids are pulled apart by the shortening of the spindle fibers.
4. The phase where chromatin condenses to form chromosomes is prophase. This is the first stage of mitosis, where the diffuse chromatin material in the nucleus starts to coil and condense into visible chromosomes.
5. The structure that connects the two chromatids is the centromere. It serves as the attachment point for spindle fibers during cell division and holds the sister chromatids together until anaphase.
6. In a chromosome pair connected by a centromere, each individual chromosome is called a chromatid. Sister chromatids are identical copies formed during DNA replication prior to cell division.

Answer:

1. Telophase
2. Cytokinesis
3. Anaphase
4. Prophase
5. Centromere
6. Chromatid