simple sugars, such as glucose, are not the only carbohydrates that come from photosynthesis. plants use simple sugars to build starch and cellulose molecules. another important product of photosynthesis is oxygen. you will read more about that in sections 4.4 and 4.5.
4.2 vocabulary check
photosynthesis light - dependent reactions
chlorophyll light - independent reactions
thylakoid
mark it up
go back and highlight each sentence that has a vocabulary word in bold.
1. which two terms are things that are found in the chloroplast?
2. which term is a process that is made up of two other terms?
3. which term is the part of photosynthesis when light energy is captured and transferred to a molecule, such as atp?
4. which term is the part of photosynthesis when energy is used to make sugars like glucose?
4.2 the big picture
5. where in the plant cell does photosynthesis take place?
6. what molecule absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis?
7. why are plants called producers?
8. complete the chart below.
| reaction | where does it happen? | what is needed in the reaction? | what is produced by reaction? |
| ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- |
| light - dependent reactions | | water (h₂o) and sunlight | |
| light - independent reactions | | | sugar (c₆h₁₂o₆) |

Question

simple sugars, such as glucose, are not the only carbohydrates that come from photosynthesis. plants use simple sugars to build starch and cellulose molecules. another important product of photosynthesis is oxygen. you will read more about that in sections 4.4 and 4.5.
4.2 vocabulary check
photosynthesis  light - dependent reactions
chlorophyll  light - independent reactions
thylakoid
mark it up
go back and highlight each sentence that has a vocabulary word in bold.
1. which two terms are things that are found in the chloroplast?
2. which term is a process that is made up of two other terms?
3. which term is the part of photosynthesis when light energy is captured and transferred to a molecule, such as atp?
4. which term is the part of photosynthesis when energy is used to make sugars like glucose?
4.2 the big picture
5. where in the plant cell does photosynthesis take place?
6. what molecule absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis?
7. why are plants called producers?
8. complete the chart below.
| reaction | where does it happen? | what is needed in the reaction? | what is produced by reaction? |
| ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- |
| light - dependent reactions |  | water (h₂o) and sunlight |  |
| light - independent reactions |  |  | sugar (c₆h₁₂o₆) |

Accepted Answer

### Question 1
# Brief Explanations:
To solve this, we recall the components of a chloroplast. Chlorophyll is a pigment in chloroplasts, and thylakoids are structures within chloroplasts. Light - dependent and light - independent reactions are processes of photosynthesis, not structures within the chloroplast. Photosynthesis is a process, not a structure. So the two terms are chlorophyll and thylakoid.
# Answer:
chlorophyll, thylakoid

### Question 2
# Brief Explanations:
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants make food. It is composed of two sets of reactions: light - dependent reactions and light - independent reactions. So the term that is a process made up of two other terms is photosynthesis.
# Answer:
photosynthesis

### Question 3
# Brief Explanations:
By definition, light - dependent reactions are the part of photosynthesis where light energy is captured and used to generate molecules like ATP. So the term is light - dependent reactions.
# Answer:
light - dependent reactions

### Question 4
# Brief Explanations:
Light - independent reactions (also known as the Calvin cycle) use the energy from the light - dependent reactions to synthesize sugars like glucose. So the term is light - independent reactions.
# Answer:
light - independent reactions

### Question 5
# Brief Explanations:
In plant cells, the chloroplast is the organelle where photosynthesis takes place. It contains chlorophyll and the necessary structures for the light - dependent and light - independent reactions.
# Answer:
chloroplast

### Question 6
# Brief Explanations:
Chlorophyll is the pigment molecule in chloroplasts that absorbs sunlight. It absorbs light in the visible spectrum, mainly red and blue wavelengths, and reflects green light, which is why plants appear green.
# Answer:
chlorophyll

### Question 7
# Brief Explanations:
Plants are called producers because they can perform photosynthesis. During photosynthesis, they use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce glucose (a type of sugar) and oxygen. They are able to make their own food and also provide food for other organisms in the food chain.
# Answer:
Plants are called producers because they can use photosynthesis to make their own food (glucose) from sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water, and also provide food for other organisms.

### Question 8
# Brief Explanations:
- For Light - dependent reactions: These reactions occur in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast. The inputs are water ($H_2O$) and sunlight, and the outputs are oxygen ($O_2$), ATP, and NADPH.
- For Light - independent reactions (Calvin cycle): These reactions occur in the stroma of the chloroplast. The inputs are carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) and the energy - carrying molecules (ATP and NADPH) from the light - dependent reactions, and the output is sugar ($C_6H_{12}O_6$).

| REACTION | WHERE DOES IT HAPPEN? | WHAT IS NEEDED IN THE REACTION? | WHAT IS PRODUCED BY THE REACTION? |
|--|--|--|--|
| Light - dependent reactions | Thylakoid membranes (of chloroplast) | water ($H_2O$) and sunlight | oxygen ($O_2$), ATP, NADPH |
| Light - independent reactions | Stroma (of chloroplast) | carbon dioxide ($CO_2$), ATP, NADPH | sugar ($C_6H_{12}O_6$) |

# Answer:
| REACTION | WHERE DOES IT HAPPEN? | WHAT IS NEEDED IN THE REACTION? | WHAT IS PRODUCED BY THE REACTION? |
|--|--|--|--|
| Light - dependent reactions | Thylakoid membranes (of chloroplast) | water ($H_2O$) and sunlight | oxygen ($O_2$), ATP, NADPH |
| Light - independent reactions | Stroma (of chloroplast) | carbon dioxide ($CO_2$), ATP, NADPH | sugar ($C_6H_{12}O_6$) |

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