Question

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sports nutrition and supplements
matching: match each item with the appropriate response.

1. antioxidants
2. calcium
3. complex carbohydrates
4. electrolytes
5. fats
6. fat soluble vitamins
7. hyperinsulinemia
8. iron
9. minerals
10. osteoporosis
11. proteins
12. simple carbohydrates
13. vitamins
14. water
15. water soluble vitamins

a. although they do not provide energy, they regulate body processes as well as play a critical role in tissue healing and repair.
b. digested quickly and used for energy (fruit, honey)
c. dissolved in fat, can become potentially toxic
d. a decrease in bone density
e. dissolved in watery solutions and are not stored in the body.
f. maintain water balance outside the cell, potassium, sodium, chloride, magnesium
g. not easily digested and used for energy when carbohydrate stores are depleted.
h. contain fiber, vitamins, and minerals, take longer to digest (vegetables, bread, cereals and pasta)
i. most abundant mineral in body, essential for muscle contractions and conduction of nerve impulses
j. most essential nutrients make up about 60% of adult body weight
k. nutrients that may prevent premature aging, certain cancers, heart disease and other health problems
l. made up of amino acids
m. lack of this mineral can cause anemia
n. elevated insulin levels in the blood may cause individuals to become overweight
o. elements needed to be supplied by the diet, for a variety of bodily functions, most stored in liver and bones
short answer: answer the following questions with a brief response.

1. list the fat - soluble vitamins.
2. list the water - soluble vitamins.
3. what are the dietary recommendations for cho, fats, and proteins?
4. what is the function of water in the diet and what is the daily dietary recommendation?
5. what is the female athlete triad syndrome?

Explanation:

1. Antioxidants: Nutrients that may prevent premature aging, certain cancers, heart disease and other health problems (k)
2. Calcium: Most abundant mineral in body, essential for muscle contractions and conduction of nerve impulses (i)
3. Complex Carbohydrates: Contain fiber, vitamins, and minerals, take longer to digest (vegetables, bread, cereals and pasta) (h)
4. Electrolytes: Maintain water balance outside the cell, potassium, sodium, chloride, magnesium (f)
5. Fats: Not easily digested and used for energy when carbohydrate stores are depleted (g)
6. Fat - Soluble Vitamins: Dissolved in fat, can become potentially toxic (c)
7. Hyperinsulinemia: Elevated insulin levels in the blood may cause individuals to become overweight (n)
8. Iron: Lack of this mineral can cause anemia (m)
9. Minerals: Elements needed to be supplied by the diet, for a variety of bodily functions, most stored in liver and bones (o)
10. Osteoporosis: A decrease in bone density (d)
11. Proteins: Made up of amino acids (l)
12. Simple Carbohydrates: Digested quickly and used for energy (fruit, honey) (b)
13. Vitamins: Although they do not provide energy, they regulate body processes, as well as play a critical role in tissue healing and repair (a)
14. Water: Most essential nutrients make up about 60% of adult body weight (j)
15. Water - Soluble Vitamins: Dissolved in watery solutions and are not stored in the body (e)

1. The fat - soluble vitamins are vitamins A, D, E, and K.
2. The water - soluble vitamins are the B - complex vitamins (thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, biotin, folic acid, cobalamin) and vitamin C.
3. General dietary recommendations: Carbohydrates should make up 45 - 65% of total calorie intake, fats 20 - 35%, and proteins 10 - 35%.
4. Function of water in the diet: It is involved in many physiological processes such as digestion, absorption, transportation of nutrients, regulation of body temperature, and removal of waste. The daily dietary recommendation for water intake varies, but a general guideline is about 2 - 3 liters for adults, which can come from water, other beverages, and foods with high water content.
5. The female athlete triad syndrome is a condition characterized by three inter - related components: low energy availability (with or without disordered eating), menstrual dysfunction (amenorrhea or oligomenorrhea), and decreased bone mineral density.

Answer:

1. k
2. i
3. h
4. f
5. g
6. c
7. n
8. m
9. o
10. d
11. l
12. b
13. a
14. j
15. e
16. Vitamins A, D, E, K
17. B - complex vitamins and vitamin C
18. Carbohydrates: 45 - 65% of total calorie intake; Fats: 20 - 35%; Proteins: 10 - 35%
19. Function: Involved in digestion, absorption, nutrient transportation, temperature regulation, waste removal. Recommendation: About 2 - 3 liters for adults
20. Low energy availability (with or without disordered eating), menstrual dysfunction, decreased bone mineral density